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• W1543081518 abstract "Acacia mangium Willd., A. auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth and their naturalhybrid, A. mangium x A. auriculiformis, are important plantation species for timberproduction in the tropics. However, their potential to invade natural ecosystems hasbeen a concern because of their prolific production of long-lived seeds. Deploymentof triploid Acacia clones in plantations might reduce fertility and associated weedrisk.Studies were conducted in a hybridizing orchard that was established insouthern Vietnam in 2003 with alternate rows of diploid A. mangium (AM-2x),diploid A. auriculiformis (AA-2x) and colchicine-induced autotetraploid A. mangium(AM-4x) clones. Heavy flowering and seed production was obtained for all threespecies/ploidy combinations; however, the yield of viable open-pollinated triploid(3x) seeds from open pollinated seed had been very low. The reproductive behaviourof the three species/ploidy combinations in the orchard was therefore investigated todetermine whether there are barriers to the production of triploid progeny within andbetween these two species.Peak flowering period for both AM-2x and AM-4x (November – December)was slightly earlier than for AA-2x (December – January). The spikes of AM-4xwere shorter than those of AM-2x, resulting in fewer flowers per spike, but theywere longer and had more flowers than AA-2x. The proportion of male tohermaphrodite flowers was similar for all three species/ploidy combinations. AM-4xflowers had shorter styles, but the stigma and polyad diameters were greater thanthose of AM-2x. Differences in stigma and polyad size between cytotypes were notsufficient to adversely affect inter-cytotype pollination. Pollen recovered from thebodies of the main insect pollinators (honeybees) indicated that they did notdiscriminate in their foraging behaviour. Therefore, neither the floral phenology andmorphology of species/ploidy categories nor the pollinator foraging behaviourcreated barriers to inter-cytotype pollination.Pollen-pistil interactions following different mating combinations within andbetween each of AM-4x, AM-2x, and AA-2x were investigated. Followingcontrolled pollinations, AM-4x ovules exhibited more attraction to self- thanoutcross- pollen tubes, in contrast to AM-2x and AA-2x; however, this trend was notconsistent for all of the genotypes examined. The reciprocal crosses of AA-2x andAM-2x were successful as pollen tubes grew well in both AM-2x and AA-2x stylesand penetrated their ovules. For inter-cytotype crosses, inter-species, particularlythose with AA-2x as the maternal parent, had a significantly greater number ofovules penetrated than did intra-species crosses. However, yields of pods and filledseeds following all inter-cytotype crosses were extremely poor, compared to thosefrom the intra-cytotype crosses. Thus, there were strong barriers to production ofviable 3x progeny, despite the demonstrated absence of pre-zygotic isolation.Ovule abortion occurred more frequently in all inter-cytotype crosses than inthe open-pollinated flowers at 5 and 7 weeks after pollination. Consequently, theproportion of filled seeds set per pod for inter-cytotype crosses was far lower than inpods arising from intra-cytotype crosses and open-pollination. Moreover, the weightof filled seeds from inter-cytotype crosses was significantly lighter than filled seedsfrom open-pollination, and they were unable to germinate. Analysis usingmicrosatellite markers of DNA obtained from these non-germinated seeds confirmedthat most were triploid and had resulted from the target inter-cytotype crosses.It was concluded that abnormal seed development and abortion occurredthroughout the 18-week period of pod development, resulting in failure of this set ofinter-cytotype crosses to produce any viable triploid progeny. Possible reasons forthis are discussed. Research on application of in vitro culture techniques toimmature embryos may be required to recover triploid progeny from inter-cytotypecrosses of these Acacia species, as has been achieved for other species." @default.
• W1543081518 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1543081518 creator A5057988846 @default.
• W1543081518 date "2012-12-01" @default.
• W1543081518 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W1543081518 title "Effects of ploidy level on the reproductive biology of tropical Acacia species" @default.
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