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• W1543160893 abstract "Polar sciences are a modern branch of the naturalsciences involving large groups of researchers, andsophisticated instrumentation contributing indispensabledata for a better understanding of the polar regions andtheir impact on the global environment. The fact that a lotof the necessary data can only be collected by dedicatedresearch vessels, from permanently manned stations, orduring expeditions involving many different disciplinesand substantial logistic efforts, has resulted in complexand expensive interdisciplinary experiments. These canonly be effectively coordinated within the framework ofclose international cooperation.The ERICON Science Perspective addresses theentire polar marine scientific community that requires aresearch vessel for carrying out their field and sea workthroughout all seasons of the year. It also addresses thecommunity that needs a deep-sea drilling facility, whichwould use the research platform, mainly during the summermonths, to study the structure and properties of theoceanic crust and the history of the oceanic depositionalenvironments in polar regions. Deep-sea drilling has onlybeen done once in the ice-infested waters of the centralArctic during the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program(IODP) 302, aka, ACEX Coring Expedition. AroundAntarctica substantial progress has been achieved byusing the drilling platforms of the Deep-Sea DrillingProject (DSDP), the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP), andthe IODP, during the ice-free seasons, and by using adrill rig from the land fast sea ice very close to shore onthe Cape Roberts Project (CRP), and from the ice shelfin the ANtarctic geological DRILLing project (ANDRILL).However, in Antarctica, neither the CRP-tools nor theconventional drilling vessels, which cannot enter iceinfestedwaters, are able to cover all desirable drillinglocations. So far, mainly due to the lack of a suitableice-capable drilling platform, it has not been possibleto investigate many of these locations. These scientifictargets will now receive renewed attention in this report(cf. Chapters 3 and 4).The ERICON scientific program focuses on theresearch disciplines and activities that require a platformwith the unique capability of year-round operations inthe central Arctic and Antarctic ice infested waters. Thisdocument is organized in six chapters. Chapters 1 to 5are dedicated to five major Scientific Core Topics, eachencompassing a number of high-priority key questionsembracing the most important scientific challenges thatshould be targeted in the next fifteen years. Chapter 6focuses on the technological requirements needed tosuccessfully answer these scientific questions.The managerial, financial, and organizational structuresfor building and managing the vessel, as well asthe technical designs of the research platform, are notincluded in the present document, but they have beenelaborated on within the EU FP7 funded EUROPEANICEBREAKER CONSORTIUM “AURORA BOREALIS”(ERICON-AB) project, of which this Science Perspectiveis a component.The five research topics, around which this SciencePerspective is structured, provide an umbrella underwhich technological and scientific research needs andstrategies can be identified. The key questions proposedin each of the chapters have been intentionallykept general and of a nature that will require a strongeffort to fulfil, while allowing shorter-term studies to beundertaken on more specific issues. The research topicstargeted in this Science Perspective are:• The Changing Polar Oceans, Ice and Atmosphere• The Polar Marine Biosphere• The Polar Ocean’s Geological History• Polar Paleoclimate and Marine Paleoenvironments• Seafloor Processes and Natural HazardsA dedicated platform for polar research with drillingcapacities will allow scientists of all polar disciplines toaddress the five research topics by establishing interdisciplinarycampaigns with common goals." @default.
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• W1543160893 date "2012-01-01" @default.
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• W1543160893 title "Scientific Research in Polar Seas – ERICON Science Perspective 2015-2030" @default.
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