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• W1543281845 abstract "I. INTRODUCTION II. POLITICAL AUTHORITY AND DERIVATIVE DEBATE A. The Authorization to Use Force B. Competing Positions 1. Debates in Congress Over Supporting 2. Societal Turbulence Over Defining Meaning of Support Troops III. LARGE-SCALE HARM FACED BY TROOPS A. Well-Known Risks. B. Limitations on Liability C. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder D. Exacerbating Troop Injuries? Depleted Uranium Exposure E. Meeting Military Need 1. Recruitment 2. Sliding Supply After Iraq War IV. RESTRICTIONS ON THE RIGHTS OF U.S. TROOPS A. Introduction B. Culture, Hierarchy, and Mandatory Directives C. The Context of Conscientious Objection V. CONCLUSION I. INTRODUCTION In May 2014, scandal raged in Congress over delays in treatment and medical malpractice that may have led to over one hundred deaths of patients in Veteran Administration (VA) facilities, and over possible existence of secret lists and shredding of documents that sought to hide these failures. (1) Republican John McCain called for a criminal investigation and Speaker of House John Boehner stated that [t]he real issue here is that, president is one who should be held accountable. (2) McCain and Boehner advance credible positions. The shameful and lamentable events unfolded due to a VA system that confronts a several-month-long scheduling backlog for medical treatment, (3) and backlog was a byproduct of recent battle injuries. (4) Over 1.7 million U.S. troops were deployed to Afghanistan and Iraq during recent wars. (5) The war in Afghanistan was not so contentious, but Iraq War was notably controversial because Congress granted an authorization for use of military force (AUMF-Iraq) to purge Iraq of an alleged arsenal of prohibited weapons that Bush Administration avowed existed inside Iraq. (6) It was later verified that no arsenal existed. (7) Professors Ackerman and Hathaway befittingly punctuate that AUMF-Iraq was a limited authorization to use force conditioned on there being an actual imminent threat, which means that when Bush White House began offering additional rationalizations after invasion, particularly of humanitarian intervention, such talk was blatantly inconsistent with plain language of 2002 resolution. (8) The humanitarian exigency characterization was baseless and after Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (SSCI) completed its five-year investigation of false allegations that led to Iraq War, SSCI chair remarked, the Bush Administration led nation to war under false pretenses. (9) The international community condemned attack and several years of regularly conducted polls confirmed that approximately 80% of Iraqis opposed continuing occupation. (10) In 2007, ABC News surveyed congresspersons who had voted for AUMF-Iraq in October 2002 and discovered that a substantial percentage reversed their positions in hindsight, and therefore, resolution would have been rejected had there been more accurate information about alleged threat. (11) The war and occupation resulted in over 32,000 U.S. military injuries, 4488 U.S. military deaths, 134,000 Iraqi civilian deaths, and a $2.2 trillion dollar cost to American taxpayers. (12) President Obama understood American and international backlash, (13) and in January 2010 State of Union Address he promised to withdraw all combat troops within eight months. (14) U.S. troops were withdrawn by end of 2011. (15) This article is devoted to advocacy of former U.S. troops and their families who faced hardships due to war and dissented based on their discernment of potentially faulty constitutional war powers. Jurisprudence indicates that U.S. troops lack firm constitutional rights even when there may be defects in exercise of constitutional powers. …" @default.
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• W1543281845 date "2014-12-22" @default.
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• W1543281845 title "Support the Troops: Renewing Angst over Massachusetts V. Laird and Endowing Service Members with Effectual First and Fifth Amendment Rights" @default.
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