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- W15449968 abstract "The central contentions of this paper are two: first, that contextualism about knowledge cannot fulfill the eirenic promise which, for those who are drawn to it, constitutes—I believe— its main attraction; second, that the basic diagnosis of epistemological scepticism as somehow entrapping us by diverting attention from a surreptitious shift to a special, rarefied intellectual context, rests on inattention to the details of the principal sceptical paradoxes. These contentions are consistent with knowledge-contextualism, of some stripe or other, being true. What follows will not bear directly on that. I Some preliminary distinctions are necessary. The contextualist stance in epistemology has developed a tendency to fragmentation, now embracing a variety of views differing significantly in detail. I shall take the strict knowledge-contextualist position be the contention that ascriptions of knowledge can vary in truth-value purely as a function of aspects of the situation of the ascriber. So when X and Y each consider the statement that Z knows that P, they may truly judge it to be true and false respectively purely as a result of differences in their respective situations, without any implication of disagreement about further features of the situation of Z. Usually, the relevant parameters of variation are taken to concern the needs, purposes and interests of the ascriber, insofar as they may lead to variation in the standards of evidence appropriately demanded. For instance, 1 if the question is whether I know that my colleague Professor Moriarty was in his office throughout the afternoon, Dr. Watson—another colleague—may, in the view of the strict contextualist, quite correctly take it that I do know that—since, straightforwardly enough, Moriarty expressed that intention at lunch earlier with Watson and myself and Watson’s needs, purposes and interests are such as to provide no reason to require more than routine evidence of received testimony—whereas you, Holmes, investigating a theft of confidential material from the School Office and having reason to suspect Moriarty, may quite correctly judge that I know no such thing." @default.
- W15449968 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W15449968 date "2004-01-01" @default.
- W15449968 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W15449968 title "CONTEXTUALISM AND SCEPTICISM: FACTIVITY, EVEN-HANDEDNESS, AND THE SURREPTITIOUS RAISING OF STANDARDS" @default.
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