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- W1545255536 abstract "Abstract This chapter discusses the effects that drugs and hormones have on vitamin D metabolism. The level of active vitamin D metabolite and the activity of the renal hydroxylase enzymes that are responsible for regulating its production are governed by a variety of hormones and cations. Parathyroid hormone, phosphate, and calcium are the principal controlling factors of the renal hydroxylases yet several other hormones may also play a role in the metabolism of vitamin D. Among those discussed here are parathyroid hormone-related protein, fibroblast growth factor 23, leptin, calcitonin, prolactin, growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor, sex steroids (estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone), insulin, thyroid hormone, prostaglandins, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Along with the endogenous regulators of the levels of the vitamin D metabolites, some exogenous drugs and hormones are also capable of exerting an effect on the vitamin D endocrine system. Drugs are being increasingly recognized in this regard. Drugs discussed include the anticonvulsants, ethanol, antiretroviral therapy, corticosteroids, hypolipidemics, and several others that have been implicated in affecting vitamin D metabolism. This review should offer a framework for clinicians to evaluate the effects that hormones and medications can have on vitamin D metabolism." @default.
- W1545255536 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1545255536 creator A5009410005 @default.
- W1545255536 creator A5036496348 @default.
- W1545255536 creator A5044526468 @default.
- W1545255536 date "2018-01-01" @default.
- W1545255536 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W1545255536 title "Drug and Hormone Effects on Vitamin D Metabolism" @default.
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