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• W1560464893 abstract "Ha, em alguns paises desenvolvidos, significativa evidencia de crescimento da chamada parte “residual” da desigualdade da renda do trabalho, ou seja, a desigualdade que nao e explicada por caracteristicas observaveis do trabalhador como, por exemplo, os anos de estudo. O objetivo principal deste artigo e apresentar as intuicoes e os resultados de alguns dos principais modelos desenvolvidos no final dos anos 1990 e inicio dos 2000, e ainda pouco conhecidos no Brasil, que se dedicam a descrever os mecanismos pelos quais a economia pode, endogenamente, gerar desigualdades salariais dentro dos mesmos grupos educacionais. A emergencia da “desigualdade residual” e, nesses modelos, associada a processos de crescimento economico centrados em mudanca tecnologica. Sao identificados tres grupos de explicacoes. O primeiro deles desenvolve-se a partir do argumento da mudanca tecnica complementar ao trabalho qualificado. O segundo baseia-se na mudanca tecnica generalizada, onde a difusao da mudanca gera mecanismos que conferem a distintos trabalhadores, dentro de um mesmo grupo, vantagens e desvantagens no processo de trabalho. Uma terceira explicacao relaciona a desigualdade intragrupos ao progresso tecnologico, caracterizado por “destruicao criadora”, e a um mercado de trabalho dual. A compreensao desses processos pode jogar uma nova luz tambem sobre a desigualdade entre grupos educacionais. Abstract There is important evidence of a recent upsurge of so-called residual inequality, i.e. wage inequality that cannot be explained by workers’ observable attributes, such as schooling. The main purpose of this article is to review the intuitions and results of some of the main theoretical models that have been proposed in order to deal with this phenomenon. In these models, the emergence of “residual inequality” is associated with growth processes centered in technological change. Three groups of explanation are identified. The first group emphasizes the skill bias of recent technical change as a major factor; the second one is based on the stochastic processes that major technical changes set forth; the third one relates within group inequality to technological progress characterized by Schumpeterian “creative destruction” and a dual market labor. As a consequence, a new light is also cast on between-group inequality. Key words: Wage inequality. Within-group inequality. Technological progress. Education. Growth" @default.
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• W1560464893 date "2005-01-01" @default.
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• W1560464893 title "Desigualdade intragrupos educacionais e crescimento" @default.
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