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• W156082806 abstract "Remaking Women: Feminism and Modernity in the Middle East, ed. by Lila AbuLughod. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998. ix + 285 pages. Notes to p. 287. Contribs. to p. 290. Index to p. 300. $55 cloth; $16.95 paper. Reviewed by Hoda Elsadda To do research on gender issues in the Middle East, is to venture into a highly politicized, highly contested terrain of cultural signification and action. One inevitably collides with problematic issues related to cultural identity, nation building, the very complex relationship between the and the West. For a long time, both Western and nationalist approaches to the controversial woman question has been shaped by the assumptions and paradigms of modernization theory in dominant developmental discourses, or those discourses which presume to monitor and direct the road to progress and liberty in the developing world according to predefined Western notions of modernity. The last decade witnessed a growing interest in the reassessment of the implications of modernity for the third world in general and for women in particular, whereby the concept of modernity was subjected to critical scrutiny by feminist and postcolonial critics alike. Remaking Women is a prominent addition to new directions in this field. Contributors to the volume discard modernist binary modes of thought that pitted modernity against tradition; equated modernity with progress, development and a better life; and saw tradition as synonymous with backwardness and underdevelopment. Exploding this tenacious dichotomy has opened up new spaces for perceiving and understanding issues of gender in the Middle East. First of all, the book questions the prevalent belief that modernity brought more freedom and rights to women. Abu-Lughod makes special reference to Michel Foucault's critique of institutions of the modern state, such as schools, hospitals and prisons, which become powerful tools for the normalization and discipline of large populations. This revisionist approach to dominant historical paradigms of the modern state is applied, in Mervat Hatem's article to, what she describes as, feminist and modernist discourses on women in the Middle East. These discourses devalued women's concerns in the private sphere and elevated the ideals of masculinity, hence encouraging women to become like men if they wanted to be emancipated. Her reading of the biography of `A'isha Taymur, a pioneer Egyptian feminist, demonstrates how these modernist ideals adversely affected her life and work. Khaled Fahmy rereads the history of the School of Midwives established by Muhammad `Ali in 1832. Marked in national history as an example of a progressive, modern project, Fahmy challenges what he considers to be a positive, modernist view by tracing the fortunes and life stories of the women who graduated from this school. Despite the fact that these women were offered education and some economic independence, they found themselves strongly enmeshed in a hierarchical system in which they occupied the lowest positions (p. …" @default.
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• W156082806 title "Remaking Women (Book Review): 1324" @default.
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