FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W1561699966> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W1561699966 endingPage "58" @default.
• W1561699966 startingPage "52" @default.
• W1561699966 abstract "A contingency-based lottery system was implemented to improve the classroom behavior of 18 learning disabled and educably mentally handicapped students, aged 13 to 16 years. Students earned points for remaining in their assigned area and being prepared for class, and lost points for talking without permission. Points were redeemable for tickets that were drawn randomly at the end of the week with material reinforcers dispensed to the winners. A reversal design (ABAB) was employed to evaluate the effectiveness of the lottery for the entire class. The lottery led to substantial increases in the average daily percentage of intervals in assigned area per student and the average daily percentage of students prepared for class. In addition, the lottery resulted in a marked reduction in the daily median incidents of talking without permission per student. The rationale for the lottery's effectiveness as well as its advantages for use in a classrom setting were discussed. Token economies have been an increasingly well may facilitate the maintenance of be popular approach to the management of havioral gains in the school setting, groups of children in classrooms (Kazdin, From a pragmatic standpoint, lotteries 1977); however, they require much planning may be a remedy when financial limitations and careful implementation. Consequently, prevent the provision of sufficiently strong investigators have searched for effective alback-up reinforcers for all subjects behaving ternatives. Sulzer-Azaroff and Mayer (1977) to criterion. Such competitive reward sys have suggested the use of less time-consumterns could help solve the problem of grant ing packages that can be coning reinforcers to all participants (Ayllon & ceived simply and implemented easily. One Azrin, 1968). In addition, the lottery re such procedure that has received very little quires comparatively less teacher time and attention as a classroom management packskill than more ambitious contingency sys age is the lottery. In a lottery system particterns such as token economies. Nevertheless, ipants earn tickets contingent upon approthere have been very few lotteries evident in priate behavior. The higher the rate of the behavioral literature and a virtual dearth desired performance, the more tickets of such interventions in the classroom set earned. Tickets then are drawn randomly ting. and rewards dispensed to the ticket holders. Only two classroom based lottery inter Conceptually, the intermittent reinforceventions were found. A modified token ment inherent in games of chance such as a economy was employed to increase the at lottery offer a valuable advantage. Intermittendance of 20 high school students (Brooks, tent reinforcement has been suggested as a 1975). Experimental subjects received a lot means of increasing response maintenance tery ticket for each class attended and each because of its resistance to extinction (Stokes positive comment written by a teacher. Bo lle Baer, 1977). A lottery system's variablenus tickets were awarded for 5 consecutive ratio schedule of reinforcement, therefore, days of perfect attendance. A drawing was 52 / Education arid Training of the Mentally Retarded-February 1983 This content downloaded from 207.46.13.176 on Mon, 20 Jun 2016 06:05:38 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms held at the end of 3 weeks for 10 prizes varysonnel as exceedingly disruptive. Teachers ing in value from $1.00 to $10.00. The atremarked that often they had to request the tendance for those participating in the lotaid of either the principal or special educa tery was significantly greater then those in tion coordinator in controlling the class, the control group. The effects of the lottery, These personnel would verbally reprimand however, were confounded by the accomand threaten the students with negative con panying use of attendance contracts signed sequences; however, the effects of these in by the counselor and student. In another terventions only were temporary. The teach study, the effects of a lottery on the on-task ers were satisfied with the students' academic behavior of five third-grade students was inperformance when they actually worked; vestigated (Thorpe, Darch, & Drecktral, their grades were satisfactory. What con 1978). Any student on task on five of six cerned the teachers most, however, was the intermittent observations and completing disruptive behavior that prevented instruc workbook pages with at least 80% accuracy tion or the students from working on their was eligible for a daily drawing. Two names assignments. Interestingly, classroom dis were selected from those eligible and the ruption was most pronounced during math principal phoned the parents of the lucky class, conducted by a different teacher than students to commend their performance. the one responsible for the remainder of the On-task behavior increased from a mean of day. In fact, the primary teacher complained 65% at Baseline 1 to a mean of 93% during minimally only about classroom behavior, the lottery. On-task behavior reverted to a For this reason, math class was the only pe rnean of 76% when the lottery was termiriod involved in the study, nated. The lottery studies conducted in school settings have been characterized by the use of one target behavior and students of avThe classroom was located in a wing of a erage intellectual functioning. In addition, community high school adjacent to the 10th the effects of one investigation (Brooks, grade special education classroom. The class 1975) are ambiguous because a lottery syswas staffed by two teachers and an aide. The tern was combined with behavioral contract60-minute math period commenced at 9:30 ing. The present experiment, therefore, a.m. The math teacher and her aide were sought to extend our knowledge of the efthe only school personnel who participated fects of a lottery as a behavior modification as change agents. The first author also procedure. Novel features of this study were seated himself in the rear of the room the targeting of multiple student behaviors, (equipped with clipboard and recording the use of a special education class setting, sheets) once per week to collect data for the and a lottery procedure unconfounded by calculation of interobserver agreement. The other treatment components. study took place during the final grading period of the school year with the final da tum point collected the last day of the school" @default.
• W1561699966 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1561699966 creator A5027402069 @default.
• W1561699966 creator A5039088610 @default.
• W1561699966 date "1983-02-01" @default.
• W1561699966 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W1561699966 title "The Effects of a Contingency-Based Lottery on the Behavior of a Special Education Class." @default.
• W1561699966 cites W1535483770 @default.
• W1561699966 hasPublicationYear "1983" @default.
• W1561699966 type Work @default.
• W1561699966 sameAs 1561699966 @default.
• W1561699966 citedByCount "2" @default.
• W1561699966 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W1561699966 hasAuthorship W1561699966A5027402069 @default.
• W1561699966 hasAuthorship W1561699966A5039088610 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C105867702 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C118552586 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C138885662 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C145420912 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C154945302 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C155076860 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C15744967 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C162324750 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C175444787 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C199539241 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C2777212361 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C2777340749 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C2779089604 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C2780665704 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C41008148 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C41895202 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C67203356 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C77805123 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConcept C97508593 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C105867702 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C118552586 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C138885662 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C145420912 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C154945302 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C155076860 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C15744967 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C162324750 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C175444787 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C17744445 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C199539241 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C2777212361 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C2777340749 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C2779089604 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C2780665704 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C41008148 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C41895202 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C67203356 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C77805123 @default.
• W1561699966 hasConceptScore W1561699966C97508593 @default.
• W1561699966 hasIssue "1" @default.
• W1561699966 hasLocation W15616999661 @default.
• W1561699966 hasOpenAccess W1561699966 @default.
• W1561699966 hasPrimaryLocation W15616999661 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W1558670138 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W1578520188 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W1598910831 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W1786038579 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W2008666717 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W2024965223 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W2044407820 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W2058721231 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W2100976883 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W2112221851 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W2155892594 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W2413425917 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W2415471021 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W244017980 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W2754114657 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W320136152 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W321453567 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W332207773 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W9790865 @default.
• W1561699966 hasRelatedWork W98824815 @default.
• W1561699966 hasVolume "18" @default.
• W1561699966 isParatext "false" @default.
• W1561699966 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W1561699966 magId "1561699966" @default.
• W1561699966 workType "article" @default.