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• W1562227711 abstract "Iron oxidizing bacteria play an important role in the geological redox cycling of iron on earth. The redox changebetween Fe(II) and Fe(III) can be used for biological energy production [1]. Therefore iron oxidation in the ironrich martian soils may be or may have been microbially mediated. The microbial conversion of iron is consideredto be an ancient form of metabolism [2], so it might have evolved on Mars as well. However, to exist in recentmartian soils, bacteria must be able to endure dry and cold conditions.Neutrophilic iron oxidizers can be found in various iron rich aquatic environments, where they lead to theprecipitation of insoluble ferric hydroxides. Some of these environments fall temporarily dry, what could have ledto an adaptation to desiccation by bacteria, existing there. One strategy of iron bacteria to endure drought stressmight be the formation of biofilms by excreting Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS). The deposition of ironhydroxides could enable them to endure dry conditions as well.For our experiments, neutrophilic iron oxidizing bacteria have been isolated from a creek in Bad Salzhausen/Hesseand temporarily drying out pools in Tierra del Fuego. Strains from aquatic environments in the national parkUnteres Odertal and from water wells in Berlin/Brandenburg are included in the tests as well.In desiccation experiments, the capability of iron bacteria to tolerate dry conditions are investigated. The aim ofour first experiment is the adaptation to dry conditions. Biofilms of 15 strains are grown on ceramic beads in liquidmedium containing complexed Fe(II), established biofilms contain Fe(III) precipitates. The cultures are desiccatedin a sterile airflow until the weight of the cultures remained constant. After a desiccation period of 9 h up to 7 d,the beads are transferred to fresh liquid medium.Adapted strains are used in further desiccation experiments, where biofilms are grown on two martian regolithsimulants. These mineral mixtures were developed and produced by the Naturkundemuseum Berlin according torecent data of Mars research missions [3, 4, 5, 6, 7]. The minerals are attached to object slides with potassiumsilicate and biofilms are grown on the mineral surface. The biofilms are quantified by cell counting and thestructure is evaluated by epifluorescence microscopy. After desiccation in a sterile airflow, the survival of cells isdetermined by fluorescence staining." @default.
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• W1562227711 date "2010-05-01" @default.
• W1562227711 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W1562227711 title "Desiccation tolerance of iron bacteria biofilms on Mars regolith simulants" @default.
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