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- W1566012978 abstract "Following the 2004 tsunami in Sumatra, Sri Lanka experienced >30,000 confirmeddeaths and disruption of livelihood. Damage to coastal ecosystems was less thananticipated, especially in comparison with reported impacts from unsustainabledevelopment. This research examines tsunami related damage against a background ofanthropogenic pressures. Fishery changes were determined through interview of threegenerations of fishers targeting frigate tuna. Significantly higher values for best day’scatch and largest specimen ever caught were obtained by older fishers than younger ones.Values were also significantly higher during early years, providing clear evidence ofresource decline and the ‘shifting baseline syndrome’. Most fishers reported posttsunamidecline in frigate tuna, but mainly from a larger new generation of fishers, ratherthan extra boats provided by aid money or (direct or indirect) biophysical impacts fromthe tsunami. The number of boats post-tsunami increased significantly in all researchareas, which could result in further catch decline.The perceptions of 500 Sri Lankan fishers about the influence of risk factors on tsunamideath toll and house damage are quantified). Mangroves, coral reefs and sand dunesafforded protection against tsunami damage (67–94% of fisher responses), as didhousing and roads. Fishers believed rivers/estuaries, concave coastlines and hotelsexacerbated impacts. For comparison, multi-variable models for death toll, housingdamage, inundation area and distance are built, incorporating both natural anddevelopmental risk factors. Bathymetry is the only factor significantly associated withall indicators of impact. Mangroves and marsh were not a significant factor in finalmultivariable models. However, in terms of inundation, sand dunes were identified asprotective, while bodies of water exacerbated damage. The extent of agreement andvariance between modelling results and the opinions of fisher questionnaires is criticallyexamined.Research findings highlight the need for better coastal management. While the rolemangroves in tsunami protection remains equivocal, their known role in providing manyother ecosystem services suggests that mangroves warrant greater conservation attentionin Sri Lanka, in the face of coastal development pressures. Coastal policy andconservation priorities should be influenced by scientific research (e.g. the tsunamimodel in this thesis) as well as traditional ecological knowledge and opinions from indigenous people. Factors shown to provide tsunami protection often cannot be alteredby human intervention (e.g. topography and bathymetry). However, sand dunes couldpotentially be preserved to reduce future impacts. Tsunamis are rare events and furtherresearch should be carried out to determine which risk factors are important for morefrequent events (e.g. monsoon). The needs of coastal communities should always remainparamount in considerations of future tsunami and environmental policies." @default.
- W1566012978 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1566012978 creator A5046181816 @default.
- W1566012978 date "2010-10-01" @default.
- W1566012978 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W1566012978 title "Environmental assessment of the south coast of Sri Lanka, with special reference to the 2004 tsunami" @default.
- W1566012978 hasPublicationYear "2010" @default.
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