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- W1566882950 abstract "1. 1. Seventeen patients with classic myotonia atrophica, as manifested by clinical findings and electromyographic studies, were investigated by chest x-ray film, electrocardiogram, and spatial vectorcardiogram employing the Frank lead system. Twenty-seven normal individuals were studied with the Frank system and are reported on to validate our method and to add to the normal findings in the literature. 2. 2. In 12 (71 per cent) of the 17 patients there was a total of 12 different abnormal electrocardiographic findings. These consisted primarily of conduction defects (P-R interval greater than 0.20 sec., 29.5 per cent; QRS interval greater than 0.09 sec., 41 per cent; Q-T interval in excess for rate, 35 per cent). Five patients (29.5 per cent) were found to have left axis deviation. S-T segment elevation was present in 4 patients (23.5 per cent). Three patients (17.5 per cent) were thought to have a form of left ventricular parietal block. The other major abnormalities included T-wave changes (17.5 per cent), and changes consistent with myocardial infarction (12 per cent). Seven patients (41 per cent) had a sinus rhythm of 60 per minute. 3. 3. Spatial vectorcardiography revealed 3 patients with normal loops (17.6 per cent), 4 patients with S 1 S 2 S 3 loops (23.5 per cent), 4 with left ventricular parietal block (23.5 per cent), and 6 with displacement of instantaneous vectors in anterior, diaphragmatic, or posterior areas identical to that seen in myocardial infarction (35.4 per cent). The cause of left axis deviation in the electrocardiogram of 5 of our patients was either “infarction” or left ventricular parietal block by vectorcardiographic findings. The findings of “infarction” and left ventricular parietal block in 10 patients (60 per cent) would imply involvement of myocardial tissue. Prolongation of the QRS interval in the electrocardiogram (greater than 0.09 sec.) and vectorcardiogram in this study was due to either “infarction” or left ventricular parietal block. The vectorcardiogram proved to be superior to the standard 14-lead electrocardiogram in the detection of abnormalities of the ventricular activation process. The electrocardiogram was the better measurement of P-R and Q-T intervals, rate, rhythm, and S-T segment and T-wave changes. 4. 4. The findings of conduction defects in the electrocardiogram, and of significant changes in the ventricular activation process in 60 per cent of patients in the vectorcardiogram, would seem to be consistent with the reported autopsy findings of myocardial involvement. 5. 5. The findings of “infarction” in the absence of clinical history would imply that cardiac involvement in myotonia atrophica brings about another “infarction pattern” without true coronary artery disease with myocardial infarction." @default.
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- W1566882950 title "Vectorcardiographic and electrocardiographic findings in myotonia atrophica" @default.
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- W1566882950 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-8703(64)90330-8" @default.
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