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- W1567502711 endingPage "160" @default.
- W1567502711 startingPage "137" @default.
- W1567502711 abstract "This chapter discusses the vascular control of bone remodeling. Adult bone is highly vascularized. It is estimated that approximately 5% of resting cardiac output passes through the adult skeleton. Mature long bones are vascularized by a nutrient artery and an intricate vascular network of vessels, capillaries, and blood sinusoids. The high degree of vascularity of bone is visually evident on any cross-section of mammalian cortical bone. The chapter describes the vasoactive agents and bone cell activity of endothelins; thrombin; parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP); calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP); vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); the natriuretic peptides; nitric oxide and small oxygen radicals; and catecholamines. Endothelins are 21 amino acid long peptides which are similar structurally to reptilian neurotoxins and are among the most potent vasoconstrictors known. Thrombin elicits the release reaction and platelet aggregation and also has potent mitogenic effects on a variety of different cell types. Thrombin is chemotactic for monocytes and is mitogenic for lymphocytes, fibroblasts, and vascular smooth muscle cells. CGRP is a 37 amino acid peptide generated by alternative processing of the calcitonin gene. Calcitonin is the major product made in parafollicular cells of the thyroid, whereas CGRP is made predominantly in the nervous system. The chapter discusses the role of blood vessels and their products in bone pathophysiology." @default.
- W1567502711 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1567502711 creator A5025822097 @default.
- W1567502711 creator A5033109323 @default.
- W1567502711 date "1998-01-01" @default.
- W1567502711 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W1567502711 title "Vascular Control of Bone Remodeling" @default.
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- W1567502711 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1569-2590(08)60111-1" @default.