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• W1567791544 abstract "This chapter provides a review of the methodology and selection criteria that might be employed in order to identify and validate candidate measures as surrogates of clinical outcome. The analytical procedures outlined here are applicable to a wide range of HIV neurological research but are broad enough to be helpful in general medical investigation. In HIV infection, monitoring of CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts and plasma HIV RNA levels (viral load) is routinely used, rather than observing the occurrence of new opportunistic infections or death. The ability to include uncontrolled studies in meta-analyses evaluating surrogate markers is extremely significant, especially in neuro-AIDS, because the majority of studies that have assessed neurological surrogate markers in HIV have included only a single treatment regimen. The authors simulated a validation study of the screening test in which it was assumed that the true sensitivity and specificity of the screening instrument were at the midpoints of the reported intervals (i.e., 93% and 77%). An overall prevalence of 30% for HIV-associated peripheral neuropathy in the patient population was also assumed. Increasing availability of treatment options in HIV infection has improved the prognosis of many patients infected with HIV. The chapter presents the essential elements for identification and validation of a candidate measure as a surrogate marker. These are distilled into two criteria related to the prognostic ability of the marker for the event of interest and its ability to adequately summarize the treatment effect on the clinical event." @default.
• W1567791544 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1567791544 creator A5059878540 @default.
• W1567791544 date "2014-04-09" @default.
• W1567791544 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W1567791544 title "Neurologic Outcomes in HIV Infection: Clinical Events and Surrogate Markers" @default.
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• W1567791544 doi "https://doi.org/10.1128/9781555815691.ch8" @default.
• W1567791544 hasPublicationYear "2014" @default.
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