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• W1568014149 endingPage "203" @default.
• W1568014149 startingPage "179" @default.
• W1568014149 abstract "Abstract: The neuropeptides urocortin 1, urocortin 2, and urocortin 3 share a family resemblance. Each shows some sequence identity with the stress-related neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), high affinity for the CRF 2 receptor, predominantly subcortical distributions and anorectic properties when administered centrally. In substantive ways, however, the peptides differ from one another. Urocortin 1 differs pharmacologically, as it also exhibits affinity for the CRF 1 receptor and CRF-binding protein. Brain distributions also differ. Urocortin 1 shows predominant correspondence with hindbrain CRF 1 and CRF 2 receptors and a much more limited correspondence with forebrain CRF receptors. In contrast, urocortin 3 shows almost exclusive correspondence with forebrain CRF 2 receptors unique from those innervated by urocortin 1 projections. Urocortin 2 is synthesized in yet another set of hypothalamic and brainstem nuclei, distinct from those that prominently express urocortin 1 and urocortin 3. Brain urocortins may be involved in the regulation of diverse functions, including: osmotic balance; activity of the somatotropic and pituitary-gonadal neuroendocrine axes; modulation of arousal, attention, anxiety-like behavior, and learning and memory; control of autonomic functions, including cardiovascular and gastrointestinal responses; and the regulation of energy balance, both in terms of food intake and energy expenditure. Commonly described as being stress mediators for their structural resemblance to CRF, available evidence suggests that the type 2 urocortins, urocortin 2 and urocortin 3, do not share the activating and anxiogenic-like properties of stress- or CRF-induced CRF 1 receptor activation. The endogenous role of each urocortin in the autonomic/energy balance components of stress-related responses remains to be determined." @default.
• W1568014149 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1568014149 creator A5001234489 @default.
• W1568014149 creator A5075246876 @default.
• W1568014149 date "2005-01-01" @default.
• W1568014149 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W1568014149 title "The roles of urocortins 1, 2, and 3 in the brain" @default.
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