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• W1568226570 abstract "Copyrighted 1995 by Linda Frey and Marsha Frey The Abbe Gaultier was an agent or spy for the French Foreign Minister, Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Marquis de Torcy. Through much of the War of the Spanish Succession he lived in England and communicated with Torcy in coded letters. He assumed several roles in the settlement of Utrecht. His most prominent role was to provide a channel of communication which allowed the Earl of Oxford and the Duke of Shrewsbury, leaders in the new Tory ministry of 1710, to negotiate secretly with Torcy and to avoid the scrutiny of the Dutch, the Austrians, and members of their own cabinet. During the negotiations at Utrecht he served the French Plenipotentiaries and acted as a courier for Torcy. He corresponded on behalf of Oxford and Viscount Bolingbroke with the Stuart Pretender in France. Francois Gaultier came to London in 1698 as chaplain to the Marechal de Tallard, the French Ambassador to London. When Tallard returned to Paris, Gaultier remained in order to collect information for Torcy. For a short period he was in the service of Count Gallas, and then he attached himself to the Earl of whose wife was a Catholic. When Torcy heard that the Godolphin ministry might fall, he wrote to Gaultier in July 1710 instructing him to contact the new favorites, Shrewsbury and Mrs. Masham, to find their sentiments for a negotiated peace. Only a few weeks passed before the Earl of asked Gaultier to enquire as to whether he could negotiate for Torcy. While was not a member of the new ministry, he was in contact with Shrewsbury and Oxford. Between the fall of 1710 and April of 1711 made known to Gaultier the conditions under which England might agree to a peace between France and the Allies. These secret negotiations have become known as the Jersey period on the negotiations of the Peace of Utrecht. Oxford and Shrewsbury stayed in the background, no doubt concerned that any direct contact with Torcy would be construed by the Dutch and Austrians as a betrayal of the alliance. Bolingbroke and the rest of the Tory Cabinet were unaware that negotiations were in process. The conditions set forth by were in fact a betrayal of the Allies and an attempt to benefit English commerce. Queen Anne and the Tory ministry, however, very much wanted an end to the war and realized that the demands put forth by the Allies in 1709 could never be accepted by France. As the war in Spain seesawed back and forth during the fall of 1710, the Tories hesitated to make any concrete proposals to Torcy via Gaultier. At one point Torcy offered to send someone of a higher level to negotiate, but the English insisted on mediation through Gaultier. Once it became apparent, however, that Philip would be victorious, Gaultier wrote to Torcy in December 1710 that the English would not insist on restoring the House of Austria to the Spanish throne if English commercial interests could be secured. had also communicated to Gaultier that the new Tory ministry would welcome a Jacobite restoration. A Jacobite restoration reflected Jersey's personal hopes more than it did the sentiment of the Tories, who were divided between Jacobites and Hanovarians. For Gaultier, however, the possibility of seeing the Pretender on the throne as James III was as important as the peace itself. With James on the English throne, France could look to England as an ally in its future dealings with the continent. Gaultier therefore proposed to Torcy that be pensioned." @default.
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• W1568226570 title "Abbe Francois Gaultier: secret envoy" @default.
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