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- W1569008337 abstract "One of the impacts of HIV/AIDS on individual women and populations in severely affected areas of Sub-Saharan Africa is change in fertility levels. HIV/AIDS has influenced fertility of individual women through proximate determinants of fertility namely marriage contraception pregnancy abortion breastfeeding postpartum abstinence pathological sterility and natural fecundity. Fertility may decline in the era of HIV/AIDS because of delayed onset of sexual relations and age at first union reduced premarital sexual relations and remarriage and increased marital dissolution. Desired family size and condom use are also increased. HIV infected women experience reduced pregnancy rate and rising levels of induced and spontaneous abortion. HIV/AIDS induces sterility increases foetal mortality and decreases frequency of sexual intercourse and production of spermatozoa. In contrast the epidemic may increase fertility due to reduced extra marital relations polygyny breastfeeding postpartum abstinence STD prevalence and spousal separation increased infant mortality and switching to condom use from more effective contraceptives. Examples of sites in Tanzania Uganda and Zambia indicate that fertility has declined in populations hard hit by HIV/AIDS epidemic. However it will take long durations of high HIV/AIDS prevalence to reduce fertility at a national scale. (authors)" @default.
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- W1569008337 date "2002-04-01" @default.
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- W1569008337 title "Impact of HIV/AIDS on Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa" @default.
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