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- W1569146617 abstract "This thesis studies interactions between mid-ocean ridges and mantle plumes usinggeophysics, geochemistry, and geodynamical modeling. Chapter 1 investigates the effectsof the Marion and Bouvet hotspots on the ultra-slow spreading, highly-segmentedSouthwest Indian Ridge (SWIR). Gravity data indicate that both Marion and Bouvetimpart high-amplitude mantle Bouguer anomaly lows to the ridge axis, and suggest thatlong-offset transforms may diminish along-axis plume flow. Building upon thisobservation, Chapter 2 presents a series of 3D numerical models designed to quantify thesensitivity of along-axis plume-driven mantle flow to transform offset length, spreadingrate, and mantle viscosity structure. The calculations illustrate that long-offset transformsin ultra-slow spreading environments may significantly curtail plume dispersion. Chapter 3investigates helium isotope systematics along the western SWIR as well as near a globalarray of hotspots. The first part of this study reports uniformly low 3HetHe ratios of6.3-7.3 RlRa along the SWIR from 9°-24°E, compared to values of 8±1 Ra for normalmid-ocean ridge basalt. The favored explanation for these low values is addition of(U+ Th) into the mantle source by crustal and/or lithospheric recycling. Although highHetHe values have been observed along the SWIR near Bouvet Island to the west, thereis no evidence for elevated 3HetHe ratios along this section of the SWIR. The second partof Chapter 3 investigates the relationship between 3HetHe ratios and geophysicalindicators of plume robustness for nine hotspots. A close correlation between a plume'sflux and maximum 3HetHe ratio suggests a link between plume upwelling strength andorigination in the deep, relatively undegassed mantle. Chapter 4 studies 3D mantle flowand temperature patterns beneath oceanic ridge-ridge-ridge triple junctions (TJs). In non-hotspot-affected TJs with geometry similar to the Rodrigues TJ, temperature and upwellingvelocity along the slowest-spreading of the three ridges are predicted to increase within afew hundred kilometers of the TJ, to approach those of the fastest-spreading ridge. Alongthe slowest-spreading branch in hotspot-affected TJs such as the Azores, a strongcomponent of along-axis flow directed away from the TJ is predicted to advect a hotspotthermal anomaly away from its deep-seated source." @default.
- W1569146617 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1569146617 creator A5051561525 @default.
- W1569146617 date "2001-01-01" @default.
- W1569146617 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W1569146617 title "Interactions between mantle plumes and mid-ocean ridges : constraints from geophysics, geochemistry, and geodynamical modeling" @default.
- W1569146617 doi "https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/3692" @default.
- W1569146617 hasPublicationYear "2001" @default.
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