Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W1569891217> ?p ?o ?g. }
Showing items 1 to 95 of
95
with 100 items per page.
- W1569891217 abstract "The Sandia National Laboratories/New Mexico (SNL/NM) Environmental Restoration Project is halfway through excavating the Classified Waste Landfill in Technical Area II, a disposal area for weapon components for approximately 40 years. While the planning phase of any project is important, it is only a means of getting to the field implementation phase where reality quickly sinks in. Documents outlining the general processes are developed, heavy equipment, supply needs, requisite skills, and staffing levels are anticipated, and contingencies for waste management are put in place. However, the nature of landfill excavation dictates that even the most detailed plans will probably change. This project is proving that trying to account for undefined variables and predicting the total cost of landfill remediation is very difficult if the contents are not well known. In landfill excavation, contingency cannot be minimized. During development of the waste management plan, it was recognized that even the best forecasting could not formulate the perfect cradle-to-grave processes because waste streams are rarely definable before excavation begins. Typically, as excavation progresses and waste streams are generated, new characterization information allows further definition of disposal options which, in turn, modify the generation/management process. A general plan combined with close involvement ofmore » waste management personnel to resolve characterization and packaging questions during generation has worked very well. And, as expected, each new pit excavated creates new waste management challenges. The material excavated consists primarily of classified weapon assemblies and related components, so disposition must include demilitarization and sanitization. The demilitarization task at the start of the project was provided by an SNL/NM group that has since lost their funding and operational capability. This project is having to take on the task of disassembly, destruction, and recycling of classified components, along with the associated costs and infrastmcture. Very stringent radiological controls were imposed on site operations during the planning phase. Radiological controls that are not justified significantly impact the efficiency and cost of operations. If the initial approach is too conservative, there should be well-defined provisions for scaling down the protective measures to reflect the actual risks. Once the effectiveness of early detection, monitoring, and surveys is proven, radiological controls and postings should be re-evaluated to verify that they are appropriate. High levels of heavy metals dust were not anticipated during the planning phase but were suspected, then confirmed, during material handling. Respiratory protection and monitoring were upgraded accordingly and the costs added to the baseline. In contrast to radiological constraints, industrial hygiene guidelines were worked into the process with a minimum of adverse impact. While a lot of unforeseen expenses occur, some expected costs can be reduced. During the planning phase, the anticipated need to adequately characterize a variety of radionuclides in soil led to using Large Area Gamma Spectroscopy (LAGS) to survey all the soil excavated. About a quarter of the way through the project, it was obvious that very little radioactive material was present in the excavated soils. Since all the soil is processed through a screen plant, producing a fairly homogeneous mix, a more common method of sampling soil piles was implemented to replace the LAGS unit, increase productivity, and reduce costs. In summary, the most important lesson is to expect and be ready to change. Excavating a landfill requires the flexibility to quickly adjust processes to handle the unknown variables, and close attention to detail so all the different facets of the project are kept under control.« less" @default.
- W1569891217 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1569891217 creator A5000657245 @default.
- W1569891217 creator A5086621502 @default.
- W1569891217 date "1999-05-17" @default.
- W1569891217 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W1569891217 title "The SNL/NM Classified Waste Landfill Excavation: Lessons Learned Moving from Planning to Implementation" @default.
- W1569891217 hasPublicationYear "1999" @default.
- W1569891217 type Work @default.
- W1569891217 sameAs 1569891217 @default.
- W1569891217 citedByCount "0" @default.
- W1569891217 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
- W1569891217 hasAuthorship W1569891217A5000657245 @default.
- W1569891217 hasAuthorship W1569891217A5086621502 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C107053488 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C111919701 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C112570922 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C127413603 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C14331377 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C147176958 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C162324750 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C166957645 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C187320778 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C187736073 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C18903297 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C21547014 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C2776505523 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C2777512617 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C3020383963 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C31858485 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C38652104 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C39432304 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C41008148 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C522964758 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C548081761 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C78285338 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C86803240 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C89690796 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C91375879 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C95457728 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConcept C98045186 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C107053488 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C111919701 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C112570922 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C127413603 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C14331377 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C147176958 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C162324750 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C166957645 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C187320778 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C187736073 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C18903297 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C21547014 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C2776505523 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C2777512617 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C3020383963 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C31858485 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C38652104 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C39432304 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C41008148 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C522964758 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C548081761 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C78285338 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C86803240 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C89690796 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C91375879 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C95457728 @default.
- W1569891217 hasConceptScore W1569891217C98045186 @default.
- W1569891217 hasLocation W15698912171 @default.
- W1569891217 hasOpenAccess W1569891217 @default.
- W1569891217 hasPrimaryLocation W15698912171 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W1605059198 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W1987864510 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W2025546605 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W2058837184 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W2061062502 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W2074053260 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W2107401590 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W2187804877 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W2274816205 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W2295135149 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W242217525 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W3010123498 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W3193841971 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W5706403 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W615295096 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W648602839 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W74813205 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W113579309 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W119762544 @default.
- W1569891217 hasRelatedWork W1997278847 @default.
- W1569891217 isParatext "false" @default.
- W1569891217 isRetracted "false" @default.
- W1569891217 magId "1569891217" @default.
- W1569891217 workType "article" @default.