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• W1570820486 abstract "Does repression increase or decrease a movement‘s internal fragmentation? Conventional wisdom lends itself to two contradictory predictions. On the one hand, it is frequently said that conflict with an out-group is the surest path to unity in an in-group. On the other hand, repression disrupts the existing organizational basis of a movement and thereby challenges an important source of movement unity. In this paper, we take up these questions in the case of nationalist movements. We argue that repression amplifies pre-existing trends within a movement. Any movement has a particular institutional arrangement, meaning a set of procedures and relationships that structure decision-making and behavior. These rules of the game distribute power and resources within the movement, and are thus likely to favor some actors within it and disfavor others. Repression disrupts the equilibrium of these institutions, after which the members might engage in either more cooperation or more conflict, depending on the level of satisfaction with pre-existing institutional arrangements. If important groups feel stymied by existent institutions, they may want to change them but will be unable to do so as long as much of the rest of the movement is engaged in stable patterns of coordination. These groups are likely to take advantage of the disruption that comes with repression to try to advance a new set of institutions. This poses a challenge to vested interests within the movement, leading to increased internal conflict. By contrast, if groups within a movement are basically satisfied with an existing institutional arrangement, none will have incentives to change the situation once repression ensues. Under such conditions, a movement is likely to preserve its unity in the face of repression, or even become more united. We illustrate these propositions through comparative analysis of four episodes of repression from two nationalist movements in the Middle East: the Kurdish movement in Iraq and the Palestinian national movement. The implications of this research are multiple. It provides a basis for more accurate predictions of the consequences of repression. Moreover, it demonstrates the fruitfulness of viewing a national movement‘s unity as a matter of institutional equilibrium and tracing conflict and cooperation within a movement to disruptions of this equilibrium." @default.
• W1570820486 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1570820486 creator A5009201039 @default.
• W1570820486 creator A5060509377 @default.
• W1570820486 date "2009-01-01" @default.
• W1570820486 modified "2023-10-03" @default.
• W1570820486 title "Out-Group Conflict, In-Group Unity? Exploring the Effect of Repression on Movement Fragmentation" @default.
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