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- W157111579 abstract "THE CONQUEST OF THE WORLD AS A PICTURE Shortly after photography's appearance, process of conquering world as a (1) commenced. In this era, photography became a prime mediator in social and political relations among citizens, as well as relations between citizens and powers that be. (2) We thus live in an era in which it is difficult to conceive of even a single human activity that does not use photography, or at least provide an opportunity for it to be deployed in past, present or future. (3) Newspaper reportage, jurisprudence, medicine, education, politics, family, entertainment and recreation--everything is mediated by photography. (4) There are virtually no restrictions use of photography in public space. (5) Everyone and everything is liable to become a photograph. However, there are exceptions--military zones, for instance, and other enclosed spaces where rules concerning use of photography are enforced. (6) In certain domains, use of photography is a duty (identity photos for official documents) or normative (class photographs). Most often, encounter with photography does not require explicit consent from its users, whether they are photographers or spectators. That which has yet to be conquered is always susceptible to becoming a goal of conquest: the conquest of world as was not hastily undertaken, nor did it emerge out of oppression. Conquering world as a picture means that every citizen could see--through photographs, and thus through eyes of others--more than they could see by herself. This process was not directed from on high by means of a central body that administered use of photography, or regulated infinite output that it produced. Photography functions a horizontal plane, it is present everywhere--actually or potentially. (7) The conquest of world as picture is enacted simultaneously by who holds a camera, serves as object of a photograph or looks at photographs. The conquest of world as picture was photography's vision from its very beginning, and is performed anew each and every moment. The dynamic partnership of everyone in fulfillment of this vision makes them citizens in citizenry of photography. Their participation simultaneously in conquered world (as picture) and in powers that conquer (photographer and spectators), actually prevents completion of process of turning world into a mere picture. This partnership makes conquest of world through more and more pictures an ongoing and unfinished enterprise. Within a social context, logic of photography exceeds singular act of photography and is woven into net of a plurality of people, where all are photographing at same time, thus lending their human gaze and their mechanized gaze to others in a way that essentially escapes their control. This is origin of ontological difference that marks status of image in an era that began with invention of photography. The civil contract of photography is agreement that allows logic of photography to overpower social relations, while at same time provide a point of resistance against photography's total control, initiating a responsibility to prevent completion of this very control. (8) Here is a photograph that exemplifies civil contract of photography. In 1988, Israeli newspaper Hadashot sent reporter Zvi Gilat, translator Amira Hassan and photographer Miki Kratzman assignment to report a soldier's post built roof of house of Abu-Zohir family. Mrs. Abu-Zohir demanded that photographer take a picture of her legs, where she had been shot with rubber bullets by Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) soldiers. The photographer--who regularly took pictures of Israeli-Palestinian conflict, had seen rubber bullet injuries before and who was familiar with habits of his editors and their expectations in regard to photography--dismissed her request, claiming that rubber bullet wounds don't make good pictures. …" @default.
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- W157111579 date "2005-09-01" @default.
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- W157111579 title "The Ethic of the Spectator: The Citizenry of Photography" @default.
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