FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W157220423> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W157220423 abstract "Microbial pollution in water periodically affects human health in Australia, particularly in times of drought and flood. There is an increasing need for the control of waterborn microbial pathogens. Methods, allowing the determination of the origin of faecal contamination in water, are generally referred to as Microbial Source Tracking (MST). Various approaches have been evaluated as indicatorsof microbial pathogens in water samples, including detection of different microorganisms and various host-specific markers. However, until today there have been no universal MST methods that could reliably determine the source (human or animal) of faecal contamination. Therefore, the use of multiple approaches is frequently advised. MST is currently recognised as a research tool, rather than something to be included in routine practices.The main focus of this research was to develop novel and universally applicable methods to meet the demands for MST methods in routine testing of water samples. Escherichia coli was chosen initially as the object organism for our studies as, historically and globally, it is the standard indicator of microbial contamination in water. In this thesis, three approaches are described: single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) screening using high resolution melt analysis (HRMA) methods and phage detection development based on CRISPR types. The advantage of the combination SNP genotyping and CRISPR genes has been discussed in this study.For the first time, a highly discriminatory single nucleotide polymorphism interrogation of E. coli population was applied to identify the host-specific cluster. Six human and one animal-specific SNP profile were revealed. SNP genotyping was successfully applied in the field investigations of the Coomera watershed, South-East Queensland, Australia. Four human profiles [11], [29], [32] and [45] and animal specific SNP profile [7] were detected in water. Two human-specific profiles [29] and [11] were found to be prevalent in the samples over a time period of years. The rainfall (24 and 72 hours), tide height and time, general land use (rural, suburban), seasons, distance from the river mouth and salinity show a lack of relashionship with the diversity of SNP profiles present in the Coomera watershed (p values > 0.05). Nevertheless, SNP genotyping method is able to identify and distinquish between human- and non-human specific E. coli isolates in water sources within one day. In some samples, only mixed profiles were detected. To further investigate host-specificity in these mixed profiles CRISPR screening protocol was developed, to be used on the set of E. coli, previously analysed for SNP profiles.CRISPR loci, which are the pattern of previous DNA coliphages attacks, were considered to be a promising tool for detecting host-specific markers in E. coli. Spacers in CRISPR loci could also reveal the dynamics of virulence in E. coli as well in other pathogens in water. Despite the fact that host-specificity was not observed in the set of E. coli analysed, CRISPR alleles were shown to be useful in detection of the geographical site of sources. HRMA allows determination of ‘different’ and ‘same’ CRISPR alleles and can be introduced in water monitoring as a cost-effective and rapid method.Overall, we show that the identified human specific SNP profiles [11], [29], [32] and [45] can be useful as marker genotypes globally for identification of human faecal contamination in water. Developed in the current study, the SNP typing approach can be used in water monitoring laboratories as an inexpensive, high-throughput and easy adapted protocol. The unique approach based on E. coli spacers for the search for unknown phage was developed to examine the host-specifity in phage sequences. Preliminary experiments on the recombinant plasmids showed the possibility of using this method for recovering phage sequences. Future studies will determine the host-specificity of DNA phage genotyping as soon as first reliable sequences can be acquired.No doubt, only implication of multiple approaches in MST will allow identification of the character of microbial contamination with higher confidence and readability." @default.
• W157220423 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W157220423 creator A5026283277 @default.
• W157220423 date "2011-01-01" @default.
• W157220423 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W157220423 title "Development and validation of novel methods for microbial source tracking based on Escherichia coli as an indicator of water quality" @default.
• W157220423 cites W147711558 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1480964994 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1495583714 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1507876287 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1531102832 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1550127782 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1559923615 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1572955611 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1601253615 @default.
• W157220423 cites W163885193 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1705142419 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1856219842 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1887199696 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1902993622 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1908961647 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1960474734 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1965404910 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1968354637 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1968955176 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1969363749 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1971130027 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1974168291 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1974484935 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1978230573 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1979985498 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1981051957 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1981675027 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1982031096 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1987375372 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1988038691 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1988549483 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1989407198 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1989803100 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1990080521 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1990487336 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1990731735 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1991476361 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1992912869 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1994264277 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1996596613 @default.
• W157220423 cites W1996882672 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2000476520 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2006679526 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2008665793 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2010249705 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2011647089 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2011710004 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2020483350 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2021751339 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2022480099 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2028101274 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2033128240 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2034048377 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2035003344 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2046044895 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2047346285 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2048183532 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2049551018 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2053019594 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2053816157 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2056350369 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2058445806 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2058832861 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2061555533 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2062280978 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2064991781 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2066719452 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2068770357 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2070153572 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2070325245 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2073402251 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2074862753 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2074898010 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2075280460 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2076930682 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2079742452 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2081209254 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2083019863 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2083234475 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2085510672 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2085992785 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2090467117 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2093313436 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2096162460 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2097155272 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2097331564 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2097382368 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2098618245 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2099906854 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2100069291 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2100147086 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2100171490 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2101727152 @default.
• W157220423 cites W2103881829 @default.

• next