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• W1572861945 abstract "Respiratory and cardiovascular responses to muscle mechanoreflex (passive calf stretch) and metaboreflex activation (local circulatory occlusion) were examined during inhalation of a hypercapnic gas mixture in four trials. These controlled for the effects of central command, metabolite sensitization of muscle afferents and hypercapnia-induced elevation of central respiratory drive. In an isokinetic dynamometer, with circulation through the right leg occluded by inflation of a thigh cuff, 13 participants either rested (control trial; CON) or plantarflexed their ankle at 50% maximal force for 1.5 min (voluntary exercise trial; EX). Thereafter, circulatory occlusion was maintained and the calf passively stretched before return to the resting position. Both trials were performed while breathing air, as well as while breathing a normoxic, hypercapnic (5% CO2) gas mixture (CO2 trial and CO2+EX trial). Hypercapnic gas inhalation increased baseline minute ventilation ( ), heart rate and mean arterial pressure (+27.67 ± 1.74 l min−1, +7 ± 0.85 beats min−1 and +13 ± 3.41 mmHg, respectively; means ± SEM) above control values (9.78 ± 0.86 l min−1, 62 ± 2.3 beats min−1 and 88 ± 2.6 mmHg, respectively). Voluntary exercise further increased these variables from baseline during both trials (P < 0.05). During the continued circulatory occlusion after voluntary exercise, mean arterial pressure remained significantly elevated (P < 0.05). Minute ventilation returned to baseline during circulatory occlusion following exercise in the EX trial, but in the CO2+EX trial the remained elevated at end-exercise levels during this period (+7.12 ± 1.13 l min−1). Passive stretch caused further increases in during CO2+EX and CO2 trials but not in CON and EX. These results indicate that in the absence of central command, either muscle metaboreflex and/or mechanoreflex activation stimulates ventilation during concurrent hypercapnia." @default.
• W1572861945 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W1572861945 date "2012-01-12" @default.
• W1572861945 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W1572861945 title "Muscle afferent activation causes ventilatory and cardiovascular responses during concurrent hypercapnia in humans" @default.
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• W1572861945 doi "https://doi.org/10.1113/expphysiol.2011.061606" @default.
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