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- W1579065213 abstract "Early applications of computer-aided joint replacement were envisaged as lying in medical information retrieval systems, design, computer graphics and rehabilitation. The manufacturing processes discussed in chapter 6 are being increasingly backed up by computer-aided procedures. Reverse engineering is applied in computer-aided design. It depends on the construction of a digital computer-aided design (CAD) model of, for example, a knee or hip. Data are acquired on the internal and external geometry of the joint, and on its density and composition. A solid or surface model of the joint is obtained, which can be processed to generate a representation of the joint in STereo Lithography (STL) format for application in rapid prototyping. Finite element analysis (FEA) may be undertaken to investigate the suitability of a design. Examples of FEA in analysis of joint implants are given. Rapid prototyping (RP), or three-dimensional (3D) printing, is used in conjunction with CAD to produce a three-dimensional physically solid model of a proposed implant. Stereolithography apparatus (SLA), selective laser sintering (SLS), and fused-deposition modelling (FDM) represent typical RP processes used in this field. (RP principles are also applied in tissue engineering, for the construction of scaffolds that replicate original call structure.) On acceptance of the RP model, its manufacture can proceed by the transfer of CAD data through computer numerically controlled (CNC) machine tools. Preoperative planning of joint surgery and subsequent navigation systems also utilises computer-based procedures. Three-dimensional CT or MRI scans of bone images are needed. Anatomic and bone landmarks are identified. Examples related to hip and knee surgery are discussed. Computer-aided navigation has enabled consistent accurate placement of knee prostheses. Robotics in joint replacement was initially aimed at improvement in the quality of milling of bone. The elements of surgical robotics are presented. Robotics-assisted total knee and hip replacement are discussed." @default.
- W1579065213 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1579065213 creator A5075931700 @default.
- W1579065213 date "2013-10-11" @default.
- W1579065213 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W1579065213 title "Computer‐Aided Engineering in Joint Replacements" @default.
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- W1579065213 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118536834.ch7" @default.
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