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• W1580142519 abstract "The anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C) is a large ubiquitin ligase essential for the mitotic and meiotic cell cycle. It ligates chains of ubiquitin to its target proteins marking them for proteolysis by the 26S proteasome. APC/C activity and thereby stage-specific proteolysis are precisely regulated during the cell cycle to maintain the chronology of key events. This work characterized some of the mechanisms involved in APC/C regulation.In the first part, the requirement of post-translational modification with the small ubiquitin-like modifier SUMO on efficient APC/C-mediated protein degradation was tested. The anaphase inhibitor protein, Pds1, was found to be stabilized in cells defective for SUMOylation and due to this altered degradation, cells displayed defects in chromosome segregation. Furthermore also proteolysis of other APC/C target proteins, such as the mitotic cyclins Clb2, Clb3 and the polo-like kinase Cdc5, was delayed whereas degradation of unstable proteins that are not APC/C targets was unaffected. SUMOylation does not seem to be required for proteolysis in general but specifically for APC/C-mediated degradation.In the second part, cyclin Clb5 degradation and its importance for the exit from mitosis was analyzed. Clb5, which was previously identified as a target of the APC/C, was found to be degraded by a second, alternative mechanism independently of APC/C. It could be shown that the SCF ubiquitin-ligase is not involved in this process. Indeed, Clb5 is unstable even in mutant cells defective in both ubiquitin ligases, APC/C and SCF. The APC/C-independent mechanism remains to be identified, but under physiological conditions, this mechanism is obviously sufficient for Clb5 degradation in the cell cycle. Only under abnormal conditions, such as CLB5 overexpression, APC/C becomes essential for Clb5 degradation. In the third part of this work the regulation of the APC/C in meiosis by the meiosis-specific kinase Ime2 was investigated. Ime2, a negative APC/C regulator, is a highly unstable protein, and thus proteolysis could bear a regulatory mechanism. To investigate this, a truncated Ime2 protein was analyzed with regard to its functionality to induce a mitotic cell cycle arrest and to phosphorylate Cdh1. We showed that this truncated Ime2DC, lacking 241 amino acids at its C-terminus, is despite the truncation highly active and stable throughout meiosis. Furthermore, we found that homozygous strains for the truncated IME2 allele display a severe defect in meiosis II. These results indicate that either high Ime2 levels or loss of an unknown function causes the defect in meiosis II." @default.
• W1580142519 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1580142519 creator A5017257569 @default.
• W1580142519 date "2022-02-17" @default.
• W1580142519 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W1580142519 title "Protein Modification and Degradation in the Cell Cycle of the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae" @default.
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