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- W1583042823 abstract "Chromium is ubiquitous in nature, occurring under various chemically, physically and morphologically different forms. Most surface waters contain very low levels of chromium (1 to a few g.l1), except for waste waters coming from industries. Industries dealing with paints, pigments, dyes, mordant, rubber, plastics, ceramics, textiles, leather, steel and its alloys, as well as welding activities, smelter works and chrome plating plants are an important source of discharge of the metal, either as Cr (III) or Cr (VI), into the environment causing chromium pollution. The leaching of sanitary landfills also leads to substantial amounts of chromium in ground water. Measurements of chromium in aerosols from remote areas show its background levels to range from 0.01 ng.m3 to 1.3 ng.m3 [1], There are however numerous sources of chromium emission including kilns, smelting furnaces, boilers, evaporation from leaching and plating tanks as well as cement production. The burning of oil, coal and wood and the incineration of municipal refuse and sewage sludge also contribute to atmospheric chromium. Chromium and its compounds occurring in the work environment are associated with processes such as welding and grinding of stainless steel, chrome plating, tanning, wood preservation, painting and pigment production. A detailed overview of the sources and uses of chromium is given by Nriagu and Nieboer [1]." @default.
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- W1583042823 date "1995-01-01" @default.
- W1583042823 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W1583042823 title "8. Chromium speciation in environmental and biological samples" @default.
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- W1583042823 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-9244(06)80009-0" @default.
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