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• W1584080237 abstract "Trail of Serpent (1861), Braddon's first and formative novel, had a surge of interest in recent years. Academics, in particular, are beginning to notice text's importance in laying down longstanding literary interests of its author. In 2003, for instance, Sarah Waters wrote that The Trail of Serpent occupies a fascinating place in relation both to Braddon's sensational oeuvre and to criticism that greeted it.1 Despite being a lurid, improbable story, she adds, text retain[s its] power to unsettle and impress.2 In this essay I agree with Waters' claim that Trail of Serpent is an important book. Rather than concentrating on its place within literary career of its author, or sensation fiction more broadly, however, I aim to show how text is very useful in studying a Victorian change in attitude regarding crime and its links with science. More specifically, mid-nineteenth century witnessed a cultural panic over criminal use of poison. At time there appeared to be a dramatic increase in murders committed with deadly chemicals. Scientists responded with new ways of detecting and treating effects of and new science of toxicology became a discipline that Braddon's text, which itself features a number of criminal poisonings, could draw on in telling and fascinating ways.3Poisoning in fiction was nothing new - since Ancients (and most notably in Shakespeare and new-wave Gothic texts), had been a staple part of fictional narratives. As I intend to make clear, what marked Victorian text out among these was a new attention to detail. In older genres, for instance, poisons were frequently identified simply as poison and descriptions of their effects have more to do with melodrama than actual fact. In panic-stricken climate of nineteenth century, however, such slights of hand were not longer acceptable. Popular fictional texts worked within a complicated, interdisciplinary web of discourses that identified and discussed a number of deadly poisons. Such discourses emanated from, and entered into, a cultural unease relating to possibility of being killed by poison.Toxicology and cult of secret poisoningThe most important toxicological textbook of nineteenth century, entitled A General System of Toxicology, was written by M.P. Orfila in 1815 and was quickly followed by more, most notably Robert Christison's Treatise on Poisons in 1829 and Alfred Swaine Taylor's On Poisons in 1848. Both these textbooks underwent a number of reprints and revisions throughout century and became foundations upon which modern forensic science was built. As already noted, toxicology proper emerged during mid- Victorian era because of a perceived rise in criminal poisonings. In 1 848, Alfred Taylor, a man who became renowned for his expertise in chemistry and medico-legal analysis, commented:The crime of poisoning been of late so fearfully on increase, that it seems essential for proper administration of justice and for security of society, to collect and arrange in a convenient form for reference, those important medical facts in relation to death from poison, which, while they constitute a safe guide to barrister and medical practitioner, may prevent condemnation of innocent, and insure conviction of guilty.4Taylor thus intended his book to be a guide for detection of major symptoms of poisoning. This, he hoped, would help counteract fearful increase of such crimes.In 1857, German chemist Dr Otto claimed in his Manual of Detection of Poison that the famous trial of Madame Lafarge, in particular, has given occasion to a careful revision, within last few years, of all various methods for detection of arsenic.5 In 1840, Marie Lafarge was indicted for murdering her husband.; it was alleged by prosecution that she had poisoned him by baking arsenic into a cake. …" @default.
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• W1584080237 date "2012-01-01" @default.
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• W1584080237 title "“DRINK IT UP DEAR; ITWILL DO YOU GOOD”: CRIME, TOXICOLOGY, AND THE TRAIL OF THE SERPENT" @default.
• W1584080237 doi "https://doi.org/10.1163/9789401208543_007" @default.
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