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- W1584545275 abstract "// Julian Burks 1,2 , Ryan E. Reed 1 and Shyamal D. Desai 1 1 Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, LSU Health Sciences Center-School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA 2 Present Address: Georgetown University Medical Center, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center Department of Molecular Oncology, Washington, DC, USA Correspondence: Shyamal D. Desai, email: // Keywords : ISG15, Ubiquitin/proteasome, Antitumor, Immune system, Breast cancer Received : January 07, 2015 Accepted : January 13, 2015 Published : January 31, 2015 Abstract Interferon-Stimulated Gene 15 (ISG15), an antagonist of the canonical ubiquitin pathway, is frequently overexpressed in various cancers. In cancer cells, ISG15 is detected as free (intracellular) and conjugated to cellular proteins (ISGylation). Free ISG15 is also secreted into the extracellular milieu. ISGylation has protumor functions and extracellular free ISG15 has immunomodulatory properties in vitro . Therefore, whether ISG15 is a tumor suppressor or tumor promoter in vivo remains controversial. The current study aimed to clarify the role of free ISG15 in tumorigenesis. Breast cancer cells stably expressing control, ISG15, and UbcH8 (ISG15-specific E2 ligase) shRNAs were used to assess the immunoregulatory and antitumor function of free ISG15 in cell culture ( in vitro ) and in nude mice ( in vivo ). We show that extracellular free ISG15 suppresses breast tumor growth and increases NK cell infiltration into xenografted breast tumors in nude mice, and intracellular free ISG15 enhances major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I surface expression in breast cancer cells. We conclude that free ISG15 may have antitumor and immunoregulatory function in vivo . These findings provides the basis for developing strategies to increase systemic levels of free ISG15 to treat cancer patients overexpressing the ISG15 pathway." @default.
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- W1584545275 date "2015-01-31" @default.
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- W1584545275 title "Free ISG15 triggers an antitumor immune response against breast cancer: a new perspective" @default.
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- W1584545275 doi "https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.3372" @default.
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