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- W1585222334 abstract "Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and/or Verticillium dahliae are economically important wilting pathogens of tomato. Management of these pathogens is difficult due to their endophytic growth and persistence in soil. In Spain, the major components in integrated control of wilt diseases are soil injection with biocides or breeding for wilt-resistant cultivars. New strategies, such as biological control, should be search to achieve a disease management programme. Penicillium oxalicum was selected as a biocontrol agent effective against F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Induction of resistance of tomato plants was demonstrated as a main mode of action of the antagonist. Induced resistance in tomato plants by P. oxalicum was related to renewed or prolonged cambial activity that led to the formation of additional secondary xylem in P. oxalicum-treated plants. Involvement of phytohormones such as cytokinins in the resistance induced by P. oxalicum was suggested. P. oxalicum reduced disease in different cultivars of tomato, with different degrees of susceptibility/resistance to F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. The application of a conidial suspension of P. oxalicum by watering the tomato seedlings in seedbeds 7 days before transplanting resulted in a variable reduction in fusorium wilt ranging from 20 to 80% in growth chamber and greenhouse experiments. Disease suppression was maintained for 60-100 days after inoculation with the pathogen in the greenhouse. Repeated application of P. oxalicum prolonged the duration of control of fusarium wilt especially when disease incidence was high, although the timing of repeated applications of P. oxalicum did not affect the efficacy of control. P. oxalicum may be effective for biological control of other tomato disease such as Botrytis cinerea, Phytophthora parasitica, P, infestans, Verticillium dahliae, Verticillium spp and the viruses CMV and ToMV in experimental glasshouse experiments. In addition P. oxalicum demonstrated control of the vascular wilt caused by the most common pathogens that invade the plant vascular system of tomato, the soil-borne fungi V. dahliae and F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in field experiments under natural soil infestation. P. oxalicum demonstrated a good potential for development as a commercial biocontrol agent." @default.
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- W1585222334 date "2004-01-01" @default.
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- W1585222334 title "Biological control of tomato wilts" @default.
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