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- W1586431515 abstract "The paradox of sex is still enigmatic and regarded as a major unresolved problem in evolu‐ tionary biology [1]. Sex is here understood as a process of organisms in which the genomes of two nuclei are brought together in a common cytoplasm to produce progeny which may then contain reassorted portions of the parental genomes. In eukaryotes, sex involves meiosismixis-cycles and is tied to reproduction. The prevalence of sexual reproduction in eukaryotes is striking because of the obvious high costs of sex [2]: first, recombination during meiosis breaks up beneficial gene combinations; associated with these processes are the risks of errors and mismatches during pairing of homologous chromosomes, plus the time needed for meiosis. The second cost is mixis, which requires two parental individuals for conducting fertilization, merging of cells and genomes. A couple of secondary costs are associated to mixis: mate searching, mate finding, costs of sexual selection, competition for mating partners, and finally physical contacts. The alternative, asexual reproduction without meiosis-mixis cycles, potentially avoids these costs; [3,4]. Paradoxically, rather few eukaryotes conduct asexual reproduction: less than 1% of species of animals and seed plants and 10% of ferns reproduce via asexuality, in fungi about 20%; only in protists obligate asexuality occurs more regularly in many phyla [5]. And, when eukaryotes shift to asexuality, they do not abandon sex completely, but often just modify the sexual meiosis-mixis cycle in various ways [6-8]." @default.
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- W1586431515 date "2013-09-11" @default.
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- W1586431515 title "Meiosis and the Paradox of Sex in Nature" @default.
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- W1586431515 doi "https://doi.org/10.5772/56542" @default.
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