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- W1586523838 abstract "Colloidal suspensions of rodlike particles may be considered as mesoscopic analogs of molecular liquid crystals. Even in the simplest case of pure hard-core interparticle interactions they exhibit a rich phase behavior as a function of density [1, 2]. Theoretical studies of such systems were pioneered by Onsager who analyzed the transition from a uniform isotropic phase to an orientationally ordered nematic phase in a fluid of hard needles. He realized that the average pairwise (rod-rod) excluded volume is reduced in the nematic phase compared to that in the isotropic phase, and argued that the resulting gain of free volume (and hence translational entropy) compensates the loss of orientation entropy (due to the nematic ordering) at sufficiently high concentrations of rods [3]. Onsager derived a nonlinear integral equation for the orientation distribution function, a key quantity of the theory, which is constant in the isotropic phase and peaked about the director in the nematic phase. He circumvented the problem of explicitly calculating the nematic orientation distribution function by adopting a variational Ansatz, but later it was calculated numerically [1]. Another simplifying approach is to study models with a finite number N of allowed orientations while the positions of the centers of mass of the rods remain continuous. The first such model was proposed by Zwanzig [4], with orientations of a rod to be restricted to N = 3 mutually perpendicular directions ni, i = {1, . . . , N}. Despite its inability to resolve the orientational structure of the one-particle distribution function in any detail, it has been successfully applied to explore wetting phenomena near a single hard wall and in a slit [5], phase diagrams of polydisperse systems [6], etc. The possibility of a continuous interpolation between results for the discrete models on the one hand and Onsager-like solutions on the other has first been questioned by Straley [7] in studies of models with dodecahedral (N = 6) and icosahedral (N = 10)" @default.
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- W1586523838 date "2004-01-01" @default.
- W1586523838 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W1586523838 title "Restricted-orientation models of hard-rod fluids" @default.
- W1586523838 hasPublicationYear "2004" @default.
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