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• W1587112418 abstract "L'Antithese . . . ne peut se transgresser impunement: le sens (et son fondement classificatoire) est une question de vie ou de mort. (Roland Barthes, S/Z 72) Antithesis ... cannot be transgressed with impunity: meaning (and its classifying basis) is a question of life or death. (66) The sadistic torture and pitiless humiliation of in Svarfdola saga would make most readers suspect the saga writer of misogyny. Such readers would discern in the progress of the saga's narrative a desire to justify deep prejudice against this woman's abilities: expressiveness, directness, intelligence, discernment, leadership, self-promotion, and originality. Condemnation of a woman in a literary work is hardly surprising, but the revelations of misogyny in this talc are so compelling that they lead readers to search Yngvildr's actions for any crime that would warrant the cruelties against her. She speaks. This saga would have us believe that Yngvildr's interpretation of a specific event in her husband's life and reputation must yield to a masculine interpretation of the same event--yield, that is, to history. In addition to (and related to) the extreme distrust of a woman's interpretive and verbal powers in the story, one may observe, as Bergljot S. Kristjansdottir does (146), a bias against sexual love. Two skaldic verses hint at an erotic relationship that the narrator seems to want to leave out of the saga's main action, and the torture of seems to have as its principal aim the erasure of her sexual attractiveness. These expressions of misogyny and contempt for the erotic, which probably stem from a familiarity with the anti-feminist attitudes so prevalent in European literature, set Svarfdola saga apart from the sagas of Icelanders. Certainly there is nothing quite like the physical ordeal of in sagas. Men attack her so savagely because she throws herself into the middle of male negotiations concerning peace, marriage, economics, and meaning and thus challenges her society's concepts of masculinity and femininity with a new way of speaking that causes the welds in this society to crack. In order to prove my accusation of misogyny, I need to outline the portions of the saga's plot that concern Yngvildr, because her story is largely unknown.(1) After an isolated scene that depicts with her family (Svarfdola saga 153), readers encounter her, for the first time as Yngvildr fagrkinn [Yngvildr fair check] when she appears as the mistress of Ljotolfr, a prominent farmer and godi (165).(2) She finds herself caught in the middle of a contest between her lover and Klaufi, a monstrous-looking berserkr who like Ljotolfr lives in the valley of Svarfadr and feuds with him periodically. In this saga as in many others, feuds arise from territorial conflicts between families that try to settle in the same area (152-3). Klaufi vows in an oath-making contest to have sex with Ljotolfr's mistress without his consent (166), and this oath leads to the events which try to define as emblematic of the way men in the sagas use sex to exercise power over each other (Karras, Servitude 300-1 n13; Foucault, History 149). In order to fulfil Klaufi's boast, his kin set a plan into motion: they broadcast a story that he has died from a fall on the ice and then show up at the farm of Yngvildr's father, Asgeirr, with (purportedly) Klaufi's corpse. Through equivocation, threats, strength of number, and her father's belief that the berserkr is dead, the co-conspirators trick Asgeirr into taking Klaufi's hand and pledging the dead man to in marriage. The marriage is consummated, and takes up married life with him (168-9). Women in Icelandic sagas have a say about their marriages, as does later in this saga (186; Njals saga 43-4; Jochens, Heroine 37-8), but not here. She is passed on like a piece of property, as if her characteristics were incidental to the marriage arrangement (Jochens, Women 150). …" @default.
• W1587112418 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W1587112418 date "1998-06-22" @default.
• W1587112418 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W1587112418 title "Misogyny, Women's Language, and Love-Language: Yngvildr Fagrkinn in 'Svarfdaela Saga.'" @default.
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