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- W1587127935 abstract "Autophagy is an intracellular bulk degradation system conserved among eukaryotes from yeast to mammals. It is responsible for the degradation of cytosolic components and organelles in response to nutrient deprivation. There are three main types of autophagy: macroautophagy, microautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Microautophagy sequesters cytoplasmic components and delivers them for degradation by direct invagination or protrusion/septation of the lysosomal or vacuolar membrane (Mijaljica et al., 2011; Uttenweiler and Mayer, 2008). CMA targets specific cytosolic proteins that are trapped by the heat shock cognate protein of 70 kDa (hsc70) and, through interaction with lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2A (LAMP-2A), they are then translocated into the lysosomal lumen for rapid degradation (Orenstein and Cuervo, 2010). Macroautophagy, hereafter referred to as autophagy, is the most well characterized process of the three. During autophagy, double membrane structures called autophagosomes sequester a portion of the cytoplasm and fuse with the lysosome (or vacuole in the case of yeast and plants) to deliver their inner contents into the organelle lumen (Mizushima, 2007; Mizushima et al., 2010). Analyses of autophagy-related (Atg) proteins have unveiled dynamic and diverse aspects of mechanisms that underlie membrane formation during autophagy (Mizushima et al., 2010; Nakatogawa et al., 2009). As the contents of autophagosomes are indistinguishable from their surrounding cytoplasm (Baba et al., 1994), autophagy has long been considered a nonselective catabolic pathway. Recent studies, however, have provided evidence for the selective degradation of various targets by autophagy. In autophagy-deficient neuronal cells, intracellular protein aggregates accumulate and eventually lead to neurodegeneration, suggesting that autophagy selectively degrades harmful protein aggregates (Hara et al., 2006; Komatsu et al., 2006). Damaged or superfluous organelles, such as mitochondria and peroxisomes, and even intracellular infectious pathogens are also selectively degraded by autophagy (Goldman et al., 2010; Gutierrez et al., 2004; Manjithaya et al., 2010; Nakagawa et al., 2004; Noda and Yoshimori, 2009). In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ┙mannosidase and aminopeptidase I are selectively transported to the vacuole through autophagic pathways (Baba et al., 1997; Hutchins and Klionsky, 2001)." @default.
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- W1587127935 date "2012-03-02" @default.
- W1587127935 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W1587127935 title "Mechanism of Cargo Recognition During Selective Autophagy" @default.
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- W1587127935 doi "https://doi.org/10.5772/33894" @default.
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