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- W1587798983 abstract "With increasing frequency, law enforcement agencies are turning to sense-enhanced searches. In comparison to the traditional direct physical inspection of evidence by law enforcement agents, sense-enhanced searches use sophisticated technology to gather evidence. In recent years, regulation of sense-enhanced searches often has occurred through statutes, not through court interpretations of the Fourth Amendment. This development has led to scholarly debate, focusing on whether courts or legislatures should regulate sense-enhanced searches. The Fourth Amendment should have no applicability to the vast majority of sense-enhanced searches, because the framers never intended that the amendment would apply to such searches. The framers intended that the Fourth Amendment only would regulate physical searches of residences. The amendment prohibited physical trespasses into houses pursuant to a general warrant, as well as warrantless house searches. If one asked the framers what the amendment provided with respect to other types of government evidence gathering activities, the answer would be: Nothing at all. The doctrine of unreasonable searches and seizures grew out of early English laws, which prohibited housebreaking by private citizens. During the eighteenth century and the early nineteenth century, discussion of unreasonable searches and seizures by government agents focused almost exclusively on proscribing unreasonable house searches. In 1761, Boston attorney James Otis asserted in Paxton's Case that under writs of assistance, custom officials may enter our houses when they please - may locks, bars and every thing in their way - and whether they through malice or revenge, no man, no court can inquire. Similarly, in a 1774 address to the American people, the Continental Congress complained that customs officers could break open and enter houses without the authority of any civil magistrate founded on legal information. During this time period, other discussions of unreasonable searches and seizures almost always focused on house searches. In response to this history, some scholars argue that the Fourth Amendment should evolve, or change as law enforcement technology changes. Unfortunately, such growing constitution arguments typically lack content. If the Fourth Amendment should evolve, then how should it evolve? Consider just one problem - aerial overflights used by law enforcement officers for surveillance and evidence gathering. Should the evolving Fourth Amendment permit such flights without regulation, permit such flights only with a prior warrant, or prohibit such aerial surveillance altogether? Although many scholars argue that the Fourth Amendment should grow, there is no consensus about how the amendment should grow. In short, the Fourth Amendment should be no more applicable to most sense-enhanced searches than the Second Amendment or the Eighth Amendment. When the framers enacted the Fourth Amendment, they never intended to regulate problems such as sense-enhanced searches. Given the inapplicability of the Fourth Amendment, the regulation of powerful new search techniques should come from statutes written by elected legislators." @default.
- W1587798983 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1587798983 date "2007-04-12" @default.
- W1587798983 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W1587798983 title "Sense Enhanced Searches and the Irrelevance of the Fourth Amendment" @default.
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