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- W1588052715 abstract "Review of Joseph E. Stiglitz and Bruce C. Greenwald, Creating a Learning Society: A New Approach to Growth, Development and Social Progress , New York, Columbia University Press, 2014, hb, 34.95$, 680 pp., ISBN 978-0-231-15214-3An issue that has imposed most pressingly in the last decade is economics with a soul, with society asking for higher purpose and morality of the economy. Creating a Learning Society sets out to identify a new direction of economic thinking, one based on learning, and does not forget that the final destination of economic development and growth should be social progress, somehow a continuation of an earlier book by Stiglitz, The Price of Inequality, where the central conclusion is that inequality hurts economic growth.With authors such as Bruce Greenwald, 'a guru to Wall Street's gurus' [1], and Nobel prize winner Joseph Stiglitz, the readers set their expectations high and their attention is aroused with the call 'that every aspect of the market economy needs to be reexamined from the perspective of learning and innovation' (p.166), the winning strategy to ensure growth and societal well-being consisting in the production and the dissemination of knowledge, and mostly in capturing and internalizing its positive externalities. The starting point was the Kenneth J. Arrow Lecture Series at Columbia University, which commenced in 2008 and is being held annually on a different theme, especially on one of the major themes that Arrow is famous for: learning by doing. In fact, we could consider Creating a Learning Society more of a learning economics manual than a book, since it touches almost every aspect about the importance of learning for the growth of a country.Part one serves as an extensive introduction to the benefits of learning to the general well-being of society, therefore 'creating a learning society should be one of the major objectives of economic policy.....a more productive economy will emerge and standards of living increase.' (p. 6) Part two relies on heavy analytics. To demonstrate the effects of learning, a basic model of a closed economy is presented and then developed to a two-period, n-good model and on to monopolistic competition, involving various assumptions of functioning under Cournot or Bertrand competition to identify levels of optimal interventions and equilibrium. Final recommendations are not based on these mathematical calculations, but rather on indicating generic directions to be followed, staying away from percentages, so this part may be skipped and not affect the general comprehension of the book. In fact, it could have been the subject of a completely separate book. This impressive mathematic display with no real end application makes us remember the words of Paul Krugman: 'a chance to show offtheir [the authors'] mathematical prowess' in his so famous article [2]. Chapter 11 is not to be missed though, dealing with one of the key book themes: the infant-economy argument for protection.Part three continues and resumes much of the debate in part one, emphasizing the key elements that can help boost the learning within a firm, sector or a country, namely: macro stability, financial and investment policies, and intellectual property. Chapter 16 is moving into the new direction of the psychological part of the economy, seemingly the most difficult one: changing the mindset and creating the necessary framework for a society oriented to learning and innovating in the right direction. Though this should be the final destination mentioned in the title and where we expect (after 500 pages) to have the secrets of 'how to' revealed, the authors stop nevertheless at mentioning the difficulties that stand against changing mentalities and how they are formed within a society. No actual economic solutions are given and the fact that they admit themselves to this shortcoming, 'We have not devoted much attention to specific policies by which we can create a more open and inclusive democracy, or by which we might transform society, enhancing the culture of learning' (p. …" @default.
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