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• W1590580021 abstract "Over the last 50 years the European Court of Justice and the European Court of Human Rights have built an unprecedented record in the field of international dispute settlement, not only by delivering hundreds of judgments on a diversity of issues every year but also by compelling the compliance of European states with their rulings. The compulsory nature of their jurisdiction, their ability to engage not only states but individuals and national courts in the adjudication process, and the high degree of economic, political and cultural homogeneity of the litigants are some of the factors accounting for such remarkable performance. This Article examines the origin, structure and main features of both courts, as well as their similarities and differences in terms of law applied, jurisdiction and litigation pattern. Mention is also made to the potential for overlapping jurisdiction stemming from recent developments such as the incorporation into European Community law of the human rights standards embodied in the European Convention of Human Rights. * Lawyer, U.N. Officer, Department for General Assembly and Conference Management, United Nations, New York. Lawyer-Linguist (on leave), Court of Justice of the European Communities, Luxembourg. The views expressed are those of the author and should not be attributed to the United Nations or the European Court of Justice. By all accounts, the role of the European Courts as international dispute settlement mechanisms over the last 50 years has been extremely successful. Indeed, the heavy caseloads of both the European Court of Justice (ECJ) and the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), with each court delivering several hundred judgments every year, show that, to a certain extent, they even are victims of their own success. There are a number of reasons that account for such a remarkable performance: the ability to engage not only states but individuals and national courts in the process of adjudication, the states’ commitment to abide by and enforce the judgments of the Courts and the high degree of economic, political and cultural homogeneity of the countries, citizens and institutions involved are some of them. However, underlying all these factors is the fact that the ECJ and the ECHR are the judicial bodies of two international organizations committed to a common objective: to secure peace and prosperity in Europe and to achieve an ever closer union among its peoples. The emphasis on integration, prosperity and peace should not come as a surprise, since, in some way, both organizations were born of a war. The Council of Europe and what was later to 1 In 2005 alone, over one thousand cases were brought to a close by the European Court of Justice (574 by the Court of Justice and 610 by the Court of First Instance) whereas the European Court of Human Rights delivered 1105 judgments. See http://www.curia.eu.int/en/actu/communiques/cp06/info/cp060014en.pdf, for the ECJ, and http://www.echr.coe.int/Eng/Press/2006/Jan/President'spressconference2006.htm, for the ECHR (last accessed Apr. 11, 2006). 2 Preamble of the Treaty of Rome establishing the European Community [hereinafter EC Treaty], Mar. 25, 1957, consolidated text published in O.J. (C 325), Dec. 24, 2002, available at http://europa.eu.int/eurlex/lex/en/treaties/dat/12002E/htm/12002E.html (last accessed Apr. 11, 2006). Similarly, Article 1, paragraph (a), of the Treaty of London establishing the Council of Europe states: “The aim of the Council of Europe is to achieve a greater unity between its members for the purpose of safeguarding and realising the ideals and principles which are their common heritage and facilitating their economic and social progress”, Treaty establishing the Council of Europe, May 5, 1949, E.T.S. No. 1, available at http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/en/Treaties/Html/001.htm (last accessed Apr. 11, 2006)." @default.
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• W1590580021 date "2006-01-01" @default.
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• W1590580021 title "Adjudication of International Disputes in Europe: The Role of the European Court of Justice and the European Court of Human Rights" @default.
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