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• W1594127225 abstract "The human central auditory system has a remarkable ability to establish memory traces for invariant features in the acoustic environments in order to correct the interpretation of natural acoustic sound heard. Even when no conscious attention is paid to the surrounding sounds, changes in their regularity can cause the listener to redirect his or her attention toward the sound heard (Tervaniemi et al., 2001). When engaged in a conversation, listeners tune in to the relevant stream of speech and filter out irrelevant speech input that may be present in the same environment. Nonetheless, attention might be involuntarily diverted to meaningful items coming from an ignored stream, like in the well-known own-name effect (Moray, 1959). This brings up the question of to what extent speech is processed in the ignored streams. In the past decade, there have witnessed a resurgence in the electrophysiological literature of attempts to understand how the brain processes the speech signal (Kraus et al., 1993, 1996; Molfese, 1985). One of the most used and well known paradigms in electrosphysiological research is the so-called oddball paradigm, in which typically two stimuli are presented, in random order. One of the stimuli occurs less frequently than the other and the subject is required to discriminate the infrequent stimulus (deviant, target or oddball) from the frequent one (standard). Two main types of ERPs have been described in the literature as a response to the detection of the deviant: P300 and the MMN (Aaltonen et al., 1994; Kraus et al., 1993, 1996). If the subject is required to respond overtly --for example, by pressing a button – each time he/she detects the deviant, a positive wave peaking approximately 300 ms after deviant onset is elicited. This wave is called P300 and it is largest over electrode sites in normal adults. Such positivity is thought to reflect voluntary focused attention (context updating, response selection). However, if the subject is not required to respond overtly, and one subtracts the event-related potentials (ERPs) obtained in response to the standard, from the ERPs obtained for the deviant, so-called mismatch negativity (MMN) may be observed, usually peaking between 100 and 300 ms after stimulus onset depending on the characteristics of the difference between standard and deviant stimuli. This component is thought to reflect a pre-attentional detection of deviation, a mismatch between the deviant and the memory trace formed by the standard." @default.
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• W1594127225 date "2012-02-01" @default.
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• W1594127225 title "Pre-Attentive Processing of Sound Duration Changes: Low Resolution Brain Electromagnetic Tomography Study" @default.
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• W1594127225 doi "https://doi.org/10.5772/28291" @default.
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