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- W1594668532 abstract "When the Honduran-registered freighter the Golden Venture ran aground off the New York coast in June 1993, hundreds of Chinese immigrants attempting to enter the United States illegally were forced to plunge into the North Atlantic and swim to shore. Ten immigrants died trying to reach land.1 The vivid scenes of illegal Chinese immigrants risking their lives to swim to freedom in the United States after enduring lengthy voyage under deplorable conditions highlights the emerging global problem of immigrant smuggling. Since the Golden Venture incident, the immigrant smuggling problem has escalated, not only in the sheer magnitude of smuggling operations but also in the amount of human suffering. In fact, this underground trade in human beings exacts such an enormous toll in human misery that it has been called modern version of the slave trade.2 Faced with poverty and deprivation in their home countries, many immigrants make deals with unscrupulous smugglers who secretly transport the immigrants into countries where their prospects seem brighter. Unfortunately, smuggling networks subject immigrants to deplorable conditions in transit, and then deliverer them to a life of indentured servitude, torture, fear and extortion until they can pay the exorbitant prices charged by their smugglers.3 The immigrants' ability to raise sufficient funds in the underground economy to pay smugglers' exhorbitant fees is so limited that it takes some immigrants years to pay off the balance. In congressional hearing on immigrant smuggling, Congressman George Sangmeister noted, Aliens from the People's Republic of China are selling themselves into virtual slavery for boat ride to the United States.4 Jonas Widgren, head of the International Centre for Migration Policy Development in Vienna, also claims" @default.
- W1594668532 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1594668532 date "1995-01-01" @default.
- W1594668532 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W1594668532 title "The New Slave Trade: The International Crisis of Immigrant Smuggling" @default.
- W1594668532 hasPublicationYear "1995" @default.
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