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• W1595689375 abstract "Cubic phases of lipid membranes are nonbilayer membranes with connections in three‐dimensional (3‐D) space that have a cubic symmetry. Especially, one family of cubic (Q) phases such as Q224 (D surface), Q229 (P surface), and Q230 (G surface) phase, which has an infinite periodic minimal surface (IPMS) consisting of bicontinuous regions of water and hydrocarbon, have been observed in biological lipid membranes. Biomembranes having 3‐D regular structures similar to cubic phases have been observed in various cells by transmission electron microscopy. It is very important to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the phase transitions between the bilayer liquid‐crystalline (Lα) phase and Q phases and also to identify the factors which control these phase transitions. So far, effects of temperature, water content, and pressure on the stability of the Q phases and phase transitions between the Lα and the Q phases have been investigated. However, changes of these conditions are too severe for most cells to survive. Therefore, from a physiological point of view, it is important to find milder conditions inducing these phase transitions. Recently, we found for the first time that electrostatic interaction due to surface charges of lipid membranes is an important factor to control the stability of Q phases and to induce phase transitions between the Lα and Q phases. In lipid membranes of monoolein (MO) and negatively charged lipids such as dioleoylphosphatidic acid (DOPA) mixture, as electrostatic interactions in the membrane interface increased as a result of either an increase in the surface charge density of the membrane or a decrease in salt concentration, the most stable phase of these lipid membranes changed as follows: Q224 ⇒ Q229 ⇒ Lα. The surface charges in MO membrane due to the adsorbed charged peptides had the same effect as the charged lipids; as the peptide concentration increased (and thereby the surface charge density of the MO membrane due to the bound peptide increased), the most stable phase of the MO membrane changed as follows: Q224 ⇒ Q229 ⇒ Lα. Changes of the electrostatic interaction due to the surface charges in aqueous solution are mild for cells, and this interaction can also be controlled by ions, pH, and peptides. Low concentrations of Ca2+ induced an irreversible transformation of bilayer membranes of dioleoylphosphatidyl‐glycerol (DOPG)/MO to cubic phases, and pH changes induced the reversible phase transitions between Lα and cubic phases in dioleoylphosphatidylserine (DOPS)/MO membranes. Positively charged peptides induced a Q229 to Q230 phase transition in DOPA/MO membranes. On the basis of these results, we have proposed that in cells transformations between the Q phases and the bilayer membranes would occur by the modulation of the electrostatic interactions due to the surface charges." @default.
• W1595689375 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1595689375 creator A5010254985 @default.
• W1595689375 date "2009-01-01" @default.
• W1595689375 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W1595689375 title "Chapter 7 Transformation Between Liposomes and Cubic Phases of Biological Lipid Membranes Induced by Modulation of Electrostatic Interactions" @default.
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• W1595689375 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1554-4516(09)09007-3" @default.
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