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- W1597811434 abstract "Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on waste encapsulation in relation to environmental cleanup and protection. The term “encapsulation” refers to the sealing of waste body by geological and engineered liner systems. In most cases, such systems partly consist of clay liners with varied modifications. Thus, encapsulation systems are as varied as the environments in which they are built, and the components of an encapsulation system are as multiple and complex as the wastes themselves. In case of inert (nontoxic) wastes, a geologic barrier is not necessary. It is essential, however, to follow the multibarrier concept and to add a system of engineered barriers and drainage layers on top of the geologic barrier. The engineered barriers comprise as a core unit the combined compacted clay liners (CCL) and geomembrane double layer. A similar multibarrier system has to be constructed for the cover sealing. The difference is expressed in the type of geosynthetic clay liners (GCL) and the drainage layers. The GCL should not contain expanding 2:1 clay minerals, such as montmorillonite or vermiculite, because they tend to dry out and form desiccation cracks. Therefore, nonswelling 1:1 clay minerals (e.g., kaolinite) or tectosilicates (e.g., zeolites) should be the index minerals for the sand–silt–clay surface GCL. In case of untreated household waste, a gas drainage layer has to be provided to divert the methanol that develops as the waste decomposes." @default.
- W1597811434 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1597811434 date "2006-01-01" @default.
- W1597811434 modified "2023-09-29" @default.
- W1597811434 title "Chapter 11.3 Clay Liners and Waste Disposal" @default.
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- W1597811434 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1572-4352(05)01022-6" @default.
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