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• W1599922015 abstract "Considerable evidence indicates that oxidative damage to central nervous system (CNS) contributes to the etiology of several neurodegenerative diseases. α-Phenyl-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN), a commonly used nitrone-based free radical trap (NFT), has been shown to protect in several experimental models of neuro-degenerative disease. The actions of PBN are trapping of crucial directly damaging reactive free radicals and rendering them unreactive and preventing the induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) by reactive oxygen species, thus preventing the formation of large tissue levels of nitric oxide (NO). This explains its potent neuroprotective action, especially when it is considered that higher levels of NO are neurotoxic. Many neurodegenerative problems that develop with age appear to be related to increase or altered cytokine changes in brain, known to cause increased NO formation. This implicates that the suppression of iNOS gene expression by PBN and related compounds or the prevention of excess glutamate-mediated NO formation may prove therapeutically useful to protect in a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases. There is discussion on how CNS is sensitive to oxidative damage. Three important points have been put forward: brain is sensitive to oxidative damage, older brain is more sensitive to oxidative damage than younger brain, and age-related lesions in brain mitochondria are related to the increased sensitivity of older brain to oxidative damage. The chapter details the spin-trapping reactions of nitrone-based free radical traps, antioxidant activity of PBN and its protective activity in septic shock models, how PBN and related compounds are neuroprotective, the pharmacology studies of PBN and related compounds, how PBN prevents LPS-mediated NO formation in liver, and the NO chemistry and its potential neurotoxic action. Mentioned is a hypothesis to explain the neuroprotective action of PBN. PBN exhibits neuroprotective action in brain because it prevents the induction of iNOS." @default.
• W1599922015 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1599922015 creator A5046466118 @default.
• W1599922015 date "1996-01-01" @default.
• W1599922015 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
• W1599922015 title "Protective Action of Nitrone-Based Free Radical Traps against Oxidative Damage to the Central Nervous System" @default.
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• W1599922015 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1054-3589(08)60991-6" @default.
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