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• W1602069827 abstract "Recently exposed Oligocene-Miocene (O-M) strata in Santa Elena, Guyanilla and the section at Playa de Jaboncilla, southwestern Puerto Rico show variations in lithology and in the occurrence and relative abundance of planktonic and benthic foraminifers. The planktonic foraminifers are interspersed in the relatively deeper, open marine shelf segments, whereas the intervening shallower segments are characterized by an abundance of benthic foraminifers. Although shallow marine, smaller benthic foraminifers are generally of limited use for biostratigraphy, they are used in conjunction with planktonic taxa to develop a high-resolution biostratigraphy for the Oligocene-Miocene reefal carbonates of southwestern Puerto Rico. Upper Oligocene mudstone and packstone and overlying Miocene argillaceous limestone and chalk yielded a diverse foraminiferal fauna comprising both planktonic (Catapsydrax, Chiloguembelina, Dentoglobigerina, Globigerina, Globigerinoides) and benthic (Anomalinoides, Archaias, Cancris, Elphidium, Eorupertia, Hanzawaia, Heterostegina, Lepidocyclina, Miogypsina, Miosorites, Neorotalia, Rosalina, Siphonina, Stilostomella and Yaucorotalia) taxa. This assemblage indicates a late Oligocene-Miocene (P21 -M14 Zone) age for the Santa Elena and Playa de Jaboncilla sections, with a break in sedimentation at the top of the upper Oligocene. Significant shallowing occurred between the upper Oligocene and Miocene resulting in a hiatus, comparing well with the global sea-level regression at that time. This hiatus lasted for 3.3 million years as shown by the absence of planktonic foram Zone P22 (27.1 Ma23.8 Ma). INTRODUCTION Benthic foraminifers prosper in shallow-marine conditions and are commonly used in paleoenvironmental interpretation (for example, Hallock and Glenn 1986; Sen Gupta and Machain-Castillo 1993) as well as biostratigraphy (Robinson 1996). Although shallow marine benthic foraminifers are generally of limited use in high-resolution biostratigraphy owing to their restricted habitat and typically long stratigraphic range, they can be used in conjunction with planktonic foraminiferal assemblages from deeper, open shelf intervals within the same stratigraphic section to refine the biostratigraphy. The integration of magnetostratigraphy and planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy has led to the development of a highly improved Tertiary geologic time scale (see Berggren et al. 1995; for detailed discussion). Larger foraminifera have also been used (e.g. Adams 1970) to improve Tertiary biochronology, e.g., 'Letter Classification' developed by Van der Vlerk (1955, 1959). Larger foraminiferal zonation of American Oligocene carbonates developed by Cole has been used with repeated success for stratigraphical analysis (see Bryan and Huddlestun 1991 for discussion). Nevertheless, difficulties that remain include the lack of sufficiently studied continuous sections, the geographic restriction of some species, and lack of calibration with standard planktonic foraminiferal zones. Improved magnetobiostratigraphic scale (Berggren et al. 1995), in conjunction with recent availability of continuously exposed sections amenable to close sampling at Santa Elena and Playa de Jaboncilla has encouraged us to develop an integrated biostratigraphy for the upper Oligocene Miocene (O-M) strata using both benthic and planktonic foraminifera. Although literature on the middle Tertiary stratigraphy of southwestern Puerto Rico is abundant (Seiglie and Bermudez 1969; Moussa and Seiglie 1970; Seiglie 1973; Seiglie and Moussa 1976; Kruchensky and Monroe 1975, 1978, 1979; Monroe 1980; Frost et al. 1983), detailed foraminiferal biostratigraphic studies have been limited in scope. Samples collected at close intervals from the recently exposed Santa Elena section and from the seacliff outcrops of Playa de Jaboncilla, in southwestern Puerto Rico (text-fig. 1), have yielded hundreds of planktonic and benthic foraminifers of late Oligocene and Miocene age. The continuous nature of the stratigraphic sections permit development of a detailed foraminiferal biostratigraphic framework. In this paper, we present late Oligocene-Miocene (O-M) foraminiferal biostratigraphy based on ranges and assemblages of larger and smaller benthic foraminifers and on the presence and distribution of planktonic foraminifers. Furthermore, correlating with the standard planktonic foraminiferal scale of Berggren et al. (1995) has resulted in refined stratigraphic ranges for benthic foraminifers. Previous Stratigraphic Work O-M stratigraphic subdivision of southwestern Puerto Rico has been proposed by Moussa and Seiglie (1970), Seiglie and Bermudez (1969), Seiglie and Moussa (1976), Monroe (1980), and Frost et al. (1983). O-M rocks in southwestern Puerto Rico are divided into three main sequences: (a) a lower transgressive-regressive cycle of late Oligocene age comprising basal clastics and deeper shelf/reef tract sediments; (b) a middle sequence of hemipelagic deep shelfal/slope marls and chalks of early Miocene age; and (c) an upper, thick carbonate shelfal sequence of middle and late Miocene age (Moussa and Seiglie micropaleontology, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 327-342, text-figures 1-3, plates 1-4, 2000 327 This content downloaded from 207.46.13.113 on Thu, 06 Oct 2016 04:24:01 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms A. Banerjee, K. Yemane and A. Johnson: Foraminiferal biostratigraphy of Late Oligocene-Miocene reefal carbonates in Puerto Rico" @default.
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• W1602069827 title "Foraminiferal biostratigraphy of Late Oligocene-Miocene reefal carbonates in southwestern Puerto Rico" @default.
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