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• W1603346160 abstract "During compulsory military service, the hearing capacity of the conscripts is at risk, because of exposure to excessive continuous and impulse noise. In young adult life, a multitude of other risk factors also might result in auditory symptoms and hearing impairment. A Military Hearing Conservation Program is of the utmost importance to prevent auditory complications caused by the military noise exposure. Aims: To assess the prevalence values of hearing impairment in young men at conscription in the period 1971-1995. To analyse relations between causative factors and hearing symptoms/hearing impairment before military service. To estimate the incidence and relative risk of hearing decline during military service (the efficacy of the Hearing Conservation Program). Methods: In Paper I we obtained cross-sectional data on prevalence values of hearing impairment at conscription, at age 18, from six complete age cohorts born in 19531977, in all 337 986 men. Of these, 89.3% were tested with screening audiometry. In Paper III, a group of 747 conscripts from three regiments performed mandatory screening audiometry at reporting to training in 1999 and at discharge in 2000. In Paper II and IV, a group of 839 men from three other military units performed mandatory screening audiometry, and filled in a questionnaire at reporting to training in 20022004. The same procedure was repeated at discharge. In Paper II, III, and IV the cross sectional data were evaluated as prevalence values and the longitudinal data as incidence values. The comparison groups with no military noise exposure made the first audiometric test at the Centre of Conscription and the second at the army unit at reporting for training. Results: The prevalence values of hearing impairment decreased in the period 19711981 from 15.7% to 8.3% and increased in 1986-1995 from 9.8% to 16.3%. This pattern was caused by changes of mild high frequency elevations. The threshold elevations of 45 dB HL or more decreased over the entire study period. Most often only one ear was affected. High frequency hearing impairment was more common in the left ear. Before military service 6.8% of the conscripts reported one or more auditory symptoms often or always. The most common noise exposure was rock concerts or discotheques. TTS after noise exposure was related to elevated prevalence values of hearing impairment and auditory symptoms. Playing loud music was related to an elevated risk for tinnitus but not for hearing impairment. Prevalence values of hearing impairment, tinnitus and sensitivity to noise were elevated at discharge compared to at reporting to service. At discharge from military service we observed a relative risk of hearing decline of 2.7 in 2000 and of 1.8 in 2003-05. In 2000 we observed an elevated risk of hearing decline during military service for those of the conscripts who had a mild hearing impairment already at reporting to training. This effect was not observed in the more strictly screened group in 2003-2005. Conclusions: High prevalence values of hearing impairment and auditory symptoms were observed before military service. These impairments were related to different causative factors. Elevated relative risk of hearing decline during military service was observed. LIST OF PUBLICATIONS I. Muhr P, Rasmussen R, Rosenhall U: Prevalence of hearing loss among 18year-old Swedish men during the period 1971-1995, Scand J Public Health 2007; 35:524-532. II. Muhr P, Rosenhall U: Self-assessed Auditory Symptoms, Noise Exposure and Measured Auditory Function among healthy young Swedish Men, Int J Audiology, 2010; 49:317-325. III. Muhr P, Mansson B, Hellstrom PA: A study of hearing changes among military conscripts in the Swedish Army, Int J Audiology 2006; 45:247-251. IV. Muhr P, Rosenhall U: The influence of military service on auditory health and the efficacy of a hearing conservation program, manuscript" @default.
• W1603346160 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1603346160 creator A5017061073 @default.
• W1603346160 date "2010-05-06" @default.
• W1603346160 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W1603346160 title "Hearing in young men : The influence of military noise and epidemiological aspects" @default.
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