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• W160416236 abstract "The Problem: Problems that might be expected to affect perceived academic performance were studied in a sample of 283 university students. Results: Breakup Distress Scale scores, less time since the breakup and no new relationship contributed to 16% of the variance on perceived academic performance. Variables that were related to academic performance in previous studies including depression, anxiety, intrusive thoughts, controlling intrusive thoughts and sleep disturbances did not enter the regression equation. Conclusion: These results suggest that a breakup affects students' perceived academic performance including their concentration, homework and test scores. Keywords: university students; breakup distress; academic performance ********** Relationship break-ups and poor academic performance are among the most frequent complaints at campus counseling and mental health centers (Oliveira, Dantas, Azevedo & Banzato, 2008). In another study, depression, anxiety and relationship problems were the most frequent complaints of students who sought campus counseling services (Holm-Hadulla & Soeder, 1997). Depression has been associated with as much as half a letter grade (.49) decrease in student grade point averages and treatment was associated with a protective effect of approximately .44 points in grade point averages (Hysenbegasi, Hass & Rowland, 2005). Although self-reported grade point averages may be unreliable, the literature generally suggests that depression negatively affects academic performance. Academic performance has also been related to sleep problems. In one study, sleep problems accounted for the largest amount of variance in grade point averages (Trockel, Barnes & Egget, 2000). Studies in which sleep was actively restricted or optimized showed, respectively, a worsening and improvement in academic performance (Curcio, Ferrara & Gennaro, 2006). Several cognitive functions have been negatively affected by sleep deprivation including attention and memory, (Durmer & Dinges, 2005) and restricting sleep can also cause a range of neurobehavioral deficits including lapses of attention, slowed working memory, reduced cognitive output, and depressed mood. (Banks & Dinges, 2007). Several days of less than seven hours sleep per night led to cognitive dysfunction at levels comparable to those found after severe sleep deprivation. The authors also noted negative effects on immune function, metabolic and inflammatory responses. Other variables have been related to sleep disturbances and depression in university students but have not been assessed for their effects on academic performance including breakup distress, intrusive thoughts and controlling intrusive thoughts. (Field, Diego, Pelaez, Deeds & Delgado, 2009). In this study, university students with high breakup distress scores also had high depression scores, (Field et al, 2009) and intrusive thoughts and controlling intrusive thoughts were significant predictors of depression in another sample (Field, Diego, Pelaez, Deeds, & Delgado, 2011). Thus, all of these variables have significantly influenced university students and appear to be inter-correlated but have not been explored together for their influence on academic performance. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to assess the relative effects of these variables on perceived academic performance. Relationship breakup distress, intrusive thoughts, depression and sleep disturbances were expected to significantly contribute to the variance on the academic performance variable. Methods Participants The sample was comprised of 283 university students (78% female) who averaged 21.3 years of age and had completed a mean of two years college education. The students had the following ethnic distribution: 70% Hispanic, 12% African-American, 10% Caucasian and 8% other. Procedures Following IRB approval for this anonymous questionnaire study, a convenience sample of university students was recruited from psychology classes at a southeastern U. …" @default.
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• W160416236 date "2012-09-01" @default.
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• W160416236 title "Breakup Effects on University Students' Perceived Academic Performance." @default.
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