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- W160695384 abstract "The title of Working Group III ‘Biotic and Abiotic Interactions’ highlights the ecological significance of the environmental impact on trees and, in an inverse way, of the initiated physiological responses of trees to their environment. Factors of interest in related research have been, throughout decades, variable water availability (drought and flooding), temperature (frost and heat), light regimes (including light fleck dynamics and UV-B), pollutants (elevated regimes of ozone and CO2, high N deposition) and impacts by pathogens, herbivores and competing neighboring plants (e.g. Kozlowsky et al. 1991; Smith & Hinckley 1995a,b; Kramer & Boyer 1995). It has been the aim to unravel, for each of these factors, the tree-internal mechanisms affected or induced, as these represent the ‘core’ of interactions, linking the pathway of impact (i.e. the kind of stress) to the ‘strain’ initiated in the plant (i.e. its response to the stress). This view, reflecting the physical stress concept (Larcher 1981, 1994), has often been restricted to selected processes (e.g. biochemical responsiveness of cell metabolism, stomatal regulation) while neglecting the context of the whole-plant system. It has been increasingly recognized, however, that understanding and predicting of tree response may become ambiguous without assessments of the whole-plant performance and of further external impacts which may accompany a particular stress under consideration. It was during the two last decades of the 20th century that trends in physiological research gained in importance that developed a more ‘holistic’ view on trees, and approached from mono-factorial towards multi-factorial perspectives (Mooney et al. 1991). By this, the analysis of plant-site relationships acquired further qualities, i.e. physical interactions between factorial pathways during impact, and physiological interactions initiated in tree response through the impacting factors (e.g. interactions between irradiance, moisture, pollutant impact and susceptibility to biotic constraints: Lefohn 1992; Matyssek et al. 1995; Heath & Taylor 1997). Such interactions may extend to the stand level, if trees modify their given habitats in response to, for example, elevated CO2 levels in that a changing above and belowground resource allocation may alter the carbon turnover of forest ecosystems (Ceulemans et al. 1999). The need in resolving multi-factorial interactions (as arising from the forest decline studies during the eighties and nineties, Schulze et al. 1989; Sandermann et al. 1997) inherently fostered ‘holistic’ approaches that ‘scale’ such interactions across the different levels of plant functioning, from the cellular through the organ up to the whole-plant level, and even beyond that scope to forest stands and ecosystems (Ehleringer & Field 1993; Matyssek et al. 1995)." @default.
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- W160695384 date "2001-01-01" @default.
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- W160695384 title "Trends in Forest Tree Physiological Research" @default.
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- W160695384 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9803-3_17" @default.
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