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- W1608530812 abstract "Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry is a passive remote sensing technique that measures the natural emission of gamma-ray radiation from the upper 30 cm of the earth's surface. The principle gamma-ray emitting isotopes used in airborne geophysical surveys are 40K, and the 232Th and 238U decay series. These are used to estimate potassium, thorium and uranium abundances, respectively.Gamma rays emitted from the earth's surface mainly relate to the mineralogy and geochemistry of the bedrock and weathered materials (e.g. soils, saprolite, alluvial and colluvial sediments). Gamma-ray imagery can thus be regarded as a surface geochemical map showing the distribution of the radionuclides in rocks, regolith and soil. Where the bedrock contains K-bearing minerals, the loss of K in the soil can often be used as a surrogate for mapping the degree of surface weathering and leaching. Potassium is also associated with potassic clays such as illite, and can be found in smaller amounts where it is absorbed onto clays such as montmorillonite and kaolinite. In contrast, U and Th are often associated with more stable weathered constitutes in the soil profile. Uranium and Th released during weathering are readily absorbed onto clay minerals, oxides (Fe and Al) and organic matter in soils. Elevated U and Th can also be associated with resistate minerals. Therefore, Th and U concentrations often increase as K decreases during bedrock weathering and soil formation.In erosional landscapes the gamma-ray response will relate mainly to mineralogy and geochemistry of the bedrock, weathering characteristics and both past and present landscape processes. Responses of soils in depositional landscapes will reflect the geochemistry and mineralogy of the source rocks, or regolith, from which the sediments are derived, and the sorting of the sediments and weathering of the sediments after deposition. In both erosional and depositional landscapes, when the radioelement characteristic of the sources are well understood, gamma-ray data can be used to predict specific soil characteristics and provide information about erosional, depositional and weathering processes" @default.
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- W1608530812 date "2006-01-01" @default.
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- W1608530812 title "Chapter 16 The Use of Airborne Gamma-ray Imagery for Mapping Soils and Understanding Landscape Processes" @default.
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- W1608530812 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0166-2481(06)31016-1" @default.
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