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• W1609604429 abstract "Introduction: Basaltic rocks analyzed on the floor of Gusev Crater by the Spirit rover represent the most complete compositionally and texturally characterized suite of erupted materials on Mars [1]. However, the source of these rocks remains ambiguous. Identifying the source of this volcanic suite is critical for further understanding the petrogenesis of these rocks as well as for constraining the geologic and magmatic history of this region. The presence of Apollinaris Patera north of Gusev Crater has led some workers to propose that it sourced the Gusev basalts, although a source within the crater may also be viable [2-3]. The possibility of an Apollinaris-Gusev connection is bolstered by the relatively similar ages of Apollinaris flank deposits (~3.76 Ga) and Gusev floor materials (~3.65 Ga) [3]. However, if the basalts on the floor of Gusev did flow from Apollinaris, then not only should the ages of the materials be similar, but there should have existed an unimpeded flow path from Apollinaris to the Gusev floor. Here we further test the hypothesis that the basaltic lavas within Gusev Crater originated from Apollinaris Patera. Specifically, we use use Mars Orbiter Laser Altiemter (MOLA) gridded data to perform a topographic analysis on the possible flow path(s) from Apollinaris Patera into Gusev Crater. Based on constructed topographic profiles and their comparison with published geologic mapping [4], we conclude that no viable flow path exists between the two locales. Therefore, it seems unlikely that the Gusev basalts originated directly from the Apollinaris construct. Instead, the Gusev basalts may have been sourced from within the crater during a period of magmatism that may have also sourced Apollinaris Patera as suggested by [3]. Geologic Framework: Apollinaris Patera is located ~200 km north of Gusev Crater (Figure 1). From north to south, the terrain between Apollinaris and Gusev consists of an east-west canyon system and two distinct plateaus (P1 and P2 on Figure 1). The canyon system hosts chaotic terrain and cuts the southern edge of the Apollinaris construct and P1 and must have therefore post-dated volcanism on Apollinaris’ southern flank. The second plateau (P2) sits topographically higher than P1 and parallels the outside of Gusev’s northern rim. Near the northwest corner of Gusev Crater, Gusev’s rim and P2 have been dissected, or breached, resulting in one or more apparent pathways that connect the floor of Gusev with P1. At least part of this breach has been destroyed and blocked by an unnamed impact crater (Figure 2). Although the impact has modified the breach, possible flow paths between Gusev and P1 are still visible and are marked by the dashed red lines in Figure 2. If lavas did flow from Apollinaris into Gusev, they would have likely flowed across P1 and through the breach via a pathway marked in Figure 2 and prior to the formation of the unnamed crater [2]. Therefore, a test of the hypothesis that Apollinaris lavas flowed into Gusev through this breach is the construction of a topographic profile along the flow paths (Figure 3). If lavas did flow through the breach, then the flow path from P1 into Gusev should either maintain a constant elevation or slope south into the crater. Any increase in elevation along this path would need to be attributable to either post-volcanic tectonism (including volcanic loading) and/or to the subsequent emplacement of a material unit (i.e., ejecta)." @default.
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• W1609604429 date "2008-03-01" @default.
• W1609604429 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W1609604429 title "Re-Examining the Relationship Between Apollinaris Patera and Gusev Basalts" @default.
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