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- W1609884900 abstract "Various normal reactions and functions generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other compounds that are characterized by their high potential for causing oxidative damage to the body's DNA, proteins, membranes, and other components. Their high and unspecific reactivity gives them the power to modify most biological macromolecules and disrupt their structure. These relentless attacks are thought to be a major cause for progressive functional decline with aging and major chronic diseases of adulthood including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and rheumatoid arthritis. Nonetheless, some ROS are of vital importance for signaling and immune defense, and their elimination would probably be harmful. Several enzymecatalyzed reactions detoxify ROS and various redox-active metabolites provide additional protection. To a large extent, ROS are the non-stoichiometric byproducts of oxidative phosphorylation. When an electron in the respiratory chain moves to oxygen instead of the next acceptor in line, superoxide anion forms. Another major source of ROS is the breakdown of purine nucleotides in peroxisomes. The main characteristic of ROS is their high reactivity with low specificity. They oxidize and crosslink proteins, fragment DNA and alter its bases, and disrupt membranes by oxidizing their fatty acids." @default.
- W1609884900 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1609884900 date "2003-01-01" @default.
- W1609884900 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W1609884900 title "Free radicals and antioxidants" @default.
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- W1609884900 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-012417762-8.50010-7" @default.
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