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- W1626169310 abstract "Publisher Summary This chapter discusses treatment of nystagmus and its visual consequences. Nystagmus may cause excessive motion of images on the retina, which degrades vision and may cause the illusion of motion of the surroundings. Inappropriate saccadic eye movements shift the line of sight away from the object of interest and, if repetitive, may interfere with tasks such as reading. Misalignment of the visual axes results in noncorresponding images falling on each retina, causing diplopia. Although empirical observations have identified most of the currently available therapies, treatments of abnormal eye movements are now increasingly being based on knowledge of the underlying anatomy, physiology and pharmacology and controlled drug trials. The three main mechanisms act to hold gaze steady so that vision is clear and stable are: visual fixation, which has two components—the visual system's ability to detect retinal image slip and program corrective eye movements, and the ability to suppress unwanted eye movements. The second isvestibulo-ocular reflex, by which the motion detectors of the inner ear promptly initiate eye movements to compensate for head perturbations, especially during locomotion. The thirdmechanism is the gaze-holding system, which makes it possible to hold the eyes at an eccentric position. The chapter further discusses nystagmus, including down- and upbeat nystagmus, seesaw nystagmus, acquired pendular nystagmus, and others. The chapter also discusses nuclear and infranuclear ocular disorders." @default.
- W1626169310 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1626169310 date "2003-01-01" @default.
- W1626169310 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W1626169310 title "Ocular Motor Disorders" @default.
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- W1626169310 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-012125831-3/50208-2" @default.
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