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- W1628335945 abstract "This study investigates how anthropomorphism arises in Western andJapanese reports of non-human primate behaviour. Chapter 1 introducesthe study and notes that differences in recording styles and incidenceof anthropomorphism in Western and Japanese reports led to the thesisthat the basis for anthropomorphism differed between the two groups.In Western studies it was found necessary to inquire into philosophicalaspects of language use. In Japanese studies the inquiry centred onevidence for the retention of traditional attitudes to nature.Part One focuses on the basis for anthropomorphism in Western studies.Chapter 2 discusses the intellectual basis for the deeply ingrained beliefin the West in the separateness of man and animals. The more immediateintellectual background to Western primate studies is traced in chapter 3through the development of comparative psychology and ethology and thenof primatology itself. A more precise formulation of the Western inquiryis developed in chapter h through discussion of ordinary language, distinctionbetween categories of anthropomorphism and between the notionsof a subjective approach to study and the ascription of human subjectiveexperiences to animals. Cognitive ethology is briefly described.Chapter 5> identifies the characteristic of language use that gives riseto anthropomorphism as metaphor.Part Two focuses on Japanese studies. Japan had no tradition ofobjective science and Western science was imported to Japan. Thissection develops the argument that Western science was adapted toexisting Japanese thought and that a traditional intuitive approachto nature and feeling of unity with animals was retained.The development of Japanese primate studies and evidence for theacceptability of anthropomorphism to Japanese primatologists are presentedin chapter 6. Certain basic ideas of traditional Japanese viewsare outlined in chapter 7. The effects of the first small-scale importationof Western science on the Neo-Confucian precepts of TokugawaJapan are traced in chapter 8. The way in which especially biology wasunderstood in the subsequent major importation of science to MeijiJapan is examined in chapter 9. The methodology of the Japanese primatologistsis examined in chapter 10 and newly translated materialshowing the application of traditional Japanese thought to primatologyis presented. Other new material on the origins of the focus onpersonality and culture in monkey groups is given. The applicationof traditional Japanese ideas of nature to their methodology and theuse of a socioanthropological framework for explanation of observedbehaviour is seen to be compatible with anthropomorphism in the Japanesestudies.Chapter 11 summarizes the course of the study and discusses whatconclusions may be drawn." @default.
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- W1628335945 date "1981-01-01" @default.
- W1628335945 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W1628335945 title "Some aspects of anthropomorphism in the terminology and philosophy underlying Western and Japanese studies of the social behaviour of non-human primates" @default.
- W1628335945 hasPublicationYear "1981" @default.
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