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- W16337247 endingPage "81" @default.
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- W16337247 abstract "This chapter reviews the effects of polycyclic hydrocarbons and drugs on certain enzyme activities, along with a discussion on carcinogenesis and gene action. The term “enzyme induction” is used to describe the process that increases the rate of synthesis of a specific enzyme relative to its rate of synthesis in the uninduced organism. A large number of drugs of pharmacological value have been found to stimulate either their own metabolism or the metabolism of other compounds by liver microsomes. The kinds of enzyme activities that are stimulated by various drug pretreatment include C- and N-hydroxylation; N-, S-, and O-demethylation; and glucuronide formation. In addition to induction in hepatic tissue, there have been several reports of drug-induced increases in enzyme activity in the tissues other than the liver. The effects of oncogenic viruses on enzyme induction and the effects of polycyclic hydrocarbons and phenobarbital on microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes are also discussed in the chapter, along with the pharmacological and physiological significance of polycyclic hydrocarbons and the drug-induced enzyme activity effect of polycyclic hydrocarbons on carcinogenesis. Although the diversity of carcinogenic agents implies that there is no single common, initial site of action for all carcinogens, the ability of these agents to act concertedly or antagonistically suggests their action to be the result of their impingement on common cellular systems altered during carcinogenesis. The phenotypic changes observed in carcinogenesis must be related either to the modifications in the chemical structure of the gene itself, or to the changes in the system that transcribes information from the gene into particular messages, which are then translated into specific enzyme proteins. Thus, carcinogenesis involves either mutational or genetic regulatory changes." @default.
- W16337247 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W16337247 creator A5004680172 @default.
- W16337247 date "1967-01-01" @default.
- W16337247 modified "2023-10-15" @default.
- W16337247 title "Carcinogens, Enzyme Induction, and Gene Action" @default.
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